Advanced Biological Therapy Unit, Hospital Vithas Vitoria, 01008 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Care and Technology for Critical and Postcritical Patients Research Group, Bioaraba, 01009 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Feb 12;22(4):1856. doi: 10.3390/ijms22041856.
One of the most severe effects of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is lung disorders such as acute respiratory distress syndrome. In the absence of effective treatments, it is necessary to search for new therapies and therapeutic targets. Platelets play a fundamental role in respiratory disorders resulting from viral infections, being the first line of defense against viruses and essential in maintaining lung function. The direct application of platelet lysate (PL) obtained from the platelet-rich plasma of healthy donors could help in the improvement of the patient due its anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, antifibrotic, and repairing effects. This work evaluates PL nebulization by analyzing its levels of growth factors and its biological activity on lung fibroblast cell cultures, besides describing a scientific basis for its use in this kind of pathology. The data of the work suggest that the molecular levels and biological activity of the PL are maintained after nebulization. Airway administration would allow acting directly on the lung tissue modulating inflammation and stimulating reparative processes on key structures such as the alveolocapillary barrier, improving the disease and sequels. The protocol developed in this work is a first step for the study of nebulized PL both in animal experimentation and in clinical trials.
新型冠状病毒病 2019（COVID-19）最严重的影响之一是肺部疾病，如急性呼吸窘迫综合征。在缺乏有效治疗方法的情况下，有必要寻找新的治疗方法和治疗靶点。血小板在病毒感染引起的呼吸障碍中起着至关重要的作用，是对抗病毒的第一道防线，对维持肺功能至关重要。直接应用来自健康供体富含血小板的血浆中获得的血小板裂解液（PL）可能有助于改善患者的病情，因为其具有抗炎、免疫调节、抗纤维化和修复作用。本工作通过分析生长因子水平及其对肺成纤维细胞培养物的生物学活性来评估 PL 的雾化作用，此外还为其在这种病理中的应用提供了科学依据。该工作的数据表明，PL 的分子水平和生物学活性在雾化后得以维持。气道给药可直接作用于肺组织，调节炎症，并刺激关键结构（如肺泡毛细血管屏障）的修复过程，改善疾病和后遗症。本工作中开发的方案是研究雾化 PL 的动物实验和临床试验的第一步。
