Low Darren Yi Sern, Supramaniam Janarthanan, Soottitantawat Apinan, Charinpanitkul Tawatchai, Tanthapanichakoon Wiwut, Tan Khang Wei, Tang Siah Ying
School of Energy and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University Malaysia, Sepang 43900, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
Chemical Engineering Discipline, School of Engineering, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Feb 12;13(4):550. doi: 10.3390/polym13040550.
Research and development of nanocellulose and nanocellulose-reinforced composite materials have garnered substantial interest in recent years. This is greatly attributed to its unique functionalities and properties, such as being renewable, sustainable, possessing high mechanical strengths, having low weight and cost. This review aims to highlight recent developments in incorporating nanocellulose into rubber matrices as a reinforcing filler material. It encompasses an introduction to natural and synthetic rubbers as a commodity at large and conventional fillers used today in rubber processing, such as carbon black and silica. Subsequently, different types of nanocellulose would be addressed, including its common sources, dimensions, and mechanical properties, followed by recent isolation techniques of nanocellulose from its resource and application in rubber reinforcement. The review also gathers recent studies and qualitative findings on the incorporation of a myriad of nanocellulose variants into various types of rubber matrices with the main goal of enhancing its mechanical integrity and potentially phasing out conventional rubber fillers. The mechanism of reinforcement and mechanical behaviors of these nanocomposites are highlighted. This article concludes with potential industrial applications of nanocellulose-reinforced rubber composites and the way forward with this technology.
近年来，纳米纤维素及纳米纤维素增强复合材料的研发引起了广泛关注。这很大程度上归因于其独特的功能和特性，例如可再生、可持续、具有高机械强度、重量轻且成本低。本综述旨在突出将纳米纤维素作为增强填充材料引入橡胶基体的最新进展。它包括对天然橡胶和合成橡胶这一大宗商品以及当今橡胶加工中使用的传统填料（如炭黑和二氧化硅）的介绍。随后，将讨论不同类型的纳米纤维素，包括其常见来源、尺寸和机械性能，接着是纳米纤维素从其资源中分离的最新技术及其在橡胶增强中的应用。该综述还收集了关于将多种纳米纤维素变体引入各种橡胶基体的最新研究和定性结果，其主要目标是提高橡胶的机械完整性并可能逐步淘汰传统橡胶填料。文中突出了这些纳米复合材料的增强机制和力学行为。本文最后介绍了纳米纤维素增强橡胶复合材料的潜在工业应用以及该技术的未来发展方向。
