Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Institute of Precision Medicine, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200125, China.
Translational Medical Center for Stem Cell Therapy and Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2021 Oct;17(5):1552-1569. doi: 10.1007/s12015-021-10139-5. Epub 2021 Mar 5.
Diabetes mellitus (DM), a chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism, is characterized by the unbridled hyperglycemia resulted from the impaired ability of the body to either produce or respond to insulin. As a cell-based regenerative therapy, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) hold immense potency for curing DM duo to their easy isolation, multi-differentiation potential, and immunomodulatory property. However, despite the promising efficacy in pre-clinical animal models, naive MSC administration fails to exhibit clinically satisfactory therapeutic outcomes, which varies greatly among individuals with DM. Recently, numbers of innovative strategies have been applied to improve MSC-based therapy. Preconditioning, genetic modification, combination therapy and exosome application are representative strategies to maximize the therapeutic benefits of MSCs. Therefore, in this review, we summarize recent advancements in mechanistic studies of MSCs-based treatment for DM, and mainly focus on the novel approaches aiming to improve the anti-diabetic potentials of naive MSCs. Additionally, the potential directions of MSCs-based therapy for DM are also proposed at a glance.
糖尿病（DM）是一种碳水化合物代谢紊乱的慢性疾病，其特征是由于机体产生或对胰岛素的反应能力受损而导致的不受控制的高血糖。间充质干细胞（MSCs）作为一种基于细胞的再生治疗方法，具有易于分离、多向分化潜能和免疫调节特性，因此对治疗 DM 具有巨大的潜力。然而，尽管在临床前动物模型中显示出有希望的疗效，但幼稚 MSC 的给药并不能显示出临床满意的治疗效果，DM 患者之间的差异很大。最近，已经应用了许多创新策略来改善基于 MSC 的治疗。预处理、基因修饰、联合治疗和外泌体应用是最大限度提高 MSC 治疗效果的代表性策略。因此，在这篇综述中，我们总结了基于 MSC 的 DM 治疗的机制研究的最新进展，主要关注旨在提高幼稚 MSC 的抗糖尿病潜力的新方法。此外，还简要提出了基于 MSC 的 DM 治疗的潜在方向。
