Department of Philosophy, Institute of Psychology, Jesuit University Ignatianum, Ul. Kopernika 26, 31-501, Kraków, Poland.
J Relig Health. 2021 Oct;60(5):3545-3561. doi: 10.1007/s10943-021-01197-7. Epub 2021 Mar 6.
The issue of religiosity and spirituality and their measurement are quite well developed fields in the psychology of religion. However, the literature shows a lack of research tools to measure the religious experience of the feeling of abandonment by God among followers of the Catholic religion. The purpose of this article is to fulfill this gap through the presentation of the notion of 'God abandonment', and its operationalization, by constructing the Scale of Abandonment by God: SAG (Skala Opuszczenia Przez Boga-SOPB). The psychometric value of the tool was evaluated, that is the reliability and validity. In order to achieve this goal, three stages of instrument development (item generation, scale development, and instrument testing) were undertaken in three studies. Stage 1: The pilot study concerned the development of positive statements about the concept of the Catholic experience of God (i.e., the subjective feeling of the experience of God's abandonment in the life of a contemporary person, as well as showing to what extent this belief can affect some aspects of his/her life). Stage 2: Was designed to perform exploratory factor analysis and test-retest reliability to assess stability of the SAG in a three-week time range. Stage 3: Validation of the SAG by Confirmatory Factor Analysis was performed. Result: The SAG can be recognized as a one-factor measure of the feeling of abandonment by God. Because the content of the SAG items indicate the positive aspects of the abandonment of God, this can assist people living in Catholic societies.
宗教信仰和灵性及其测量问题在宗教心理学领域已经相当成熟。然而，文献表明，缺乏测量天主教徒对被上帝抛弃的宗教体验的研究工具。本文的目的是通过提出“被上帝抛弃”的概念及其操作化，即通过构建上帝抛弃量表：SAG（Skala Opuszczenia Przez Boga-SOPB）来填补这一空白。该工具的心理测量学价值，即可靠性和有效性，得到了评估。为了实现这一目标，在三项研究中进行了工具开发的三个阶段（项目生成、量表开发和工具测试）。第 1 阶段：初步研究涉及关于天主教体验上帝概念的正面陈述的发展（即当代人生活中对上帝抛弃的主观体验，以及这种信念在多大程度上影响他/她生活的某些方面）。第 2 阶段：旨在进行探索性因素分析和重测信度测试，以评估 SAG 在三周时间范围内的稳定性。第 3 阶段：通过验证性因素分析对 SAG 进行验证。结果：SAG 可以被认为是测量对上帝抛弃的感觉的单因素测量工具。由于 SAG 项目的内容表明了上帝抛弃的积极方面，这可以帮助生活在天主教社会中的人们。
