Mistretta Charlotte M, Bradley Robert M
Department of Biologic and Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 United States.
Curr Opin Physiol. 2021 Apr;20:165-173. doi: 10.1016/j.cophys.2021.01.012. Epub 2021 Jan 21.
When solid or liquid stimuli contact the tongue tip during eating, the sensations of taste, touch and temperature are immediately evoked, and tongue function relies on these simultaneous multimodal responses. We focus on the fungiform papilla of the anterior tongue as a complex organ for taste, tactile and thermal modalities, all via chorda tympani nerve innervation from the geniculate ganglion. Rather than a review, our aim is to revise the classic archetype of the fungiform as predominantly a taste bud residence only and instead emphasize an amended concept of the papilla as a multimodal organ. Neurophysiological maps of fungiform papillae in functional receptive fields demonstrate responses to chemical, stroking and cold lingual stimuli. Roles are predicted for elaborate extragemmal nerve endings in tactile and temperature sensations, and potential functions for keratinocytes in noncanonical sensory signaling. The fungiform papilla is presented as a polymodal lingual organ, not solely a gustatory papilla.
进食时，当固体或液体刺激接触舌尖，味觉、触觉和温度觉会立即被唤起，而舌功能依赖于这些同时出现的多模式反应。我们将舌尖的菌状乳头视为一个复杂的器官，它通过膝状神经节的鼓索神经支配，对味觉、触觉和热觉等多种感觉模态都有反应。我们的目的不是进行综述，而是修正菌状乳头主要只是味蕾所在之处的经典原型，转而强调将乳头修正为多模式器官的概念。在功能性感受野中，菌状乳头的神经生理学图谱显示了对化学、轻触和冷舌刺激的反应。推测精细的味蕾外神经末梢在触觉和温度觉中发挥作用，角质形成细胞在非经典感觉信号传导中具有潜在功能。菌状乳头被呈现为一个多模式的舌器官，而不仅仅是一个味觉乳头。
