Otubogun Folajimi Morenikeji, Akinyemi Rufus, Ogunniyi Sola
Internal Medicine, Olabisi Onabanjo University Teaching Hospital, Sagamu, Ogun, Nigeria.
Internal Medicine, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo, Nigeria.
BMJ Neurol Open. 2020 Aug 24;2(2):e000062. doi: 10.1136/bmjno-2020-000062. eCollection 2020.
Few population-based studies have been conducted to determine the burden of neurological diseases in sub-Saharan Africa. A better understanding of the magnitude and impact of these disorders is pivotal to effective planning and provision of neurological services.
A cross-sectional survey of 2392 adults in Odeda Local Government Area, Ogun State, Southwest Nigeria was conducted between May and June 2015. Trained non-medical interviewers administered a screening instrument designed to measure the prevalence of neurological diseases and disability, while positive responders were subsequently examined by neurologists. Diagnoses were made clinically according to well-established criteria.
The mean age of respondents was 37.2±16.1 years. A total of 842 cases of neurological diseases/disability were diagnosed in 815 individuals (26 individuals with more than one disorder). The all-cause neurological morbidity rate was 352 per 1000, while the crude prevalence rates of common neurological disorders were 304.3 per 1000 for primary headaches, 16.3 per 1000 for tropical ataxic neuropathy, 7.11 per 1000 for stroke, 5.85 per 1000 for essential tremor and 4.18 per 1000 for Parkinson's disease. Neurological years lost due to disability was 2806.18 per 100 000.
This study provides evidence of a high neurological disease burden within the communities surveyed, which may be representative of Southwest Nigeria. In comparison with findings from previous studies within the same region, this report suggests a persistence of toxiconutritional disorders and postinfectious neurological sequelae on one hand and increased prevalence of non-communicable neurological disorders such as stroke and Parkinson's disease.
很少有基于人群的研究来确定撒哈拉以南非洲地区神经系统疾病的负担。更好地了解这些疾病的严重程度和影响对于有效规划和提供神经科服务至关重要。
2015年5月至6月，在尼日利亚西南部奥贡州奥代达地方政府辖区对2392名成年人进行了一项横断面调查。经过培训的非医学访谈员使用一种筛查工具来测量神经系统疾病和残疾的患病率，阳性应答者随后由神经科医生进行检查。根据公认的标准进行临床诊断。
受访者的平均年龄为37.2±16.1岁。在815名个体中诊断出总共842例神经系统疾病/残疾（26名个体患有不止一种疾病）。全因神经系统发病率为每1000人中有352例，常见神经系统疾病的粗患病率分别为：原发性头痛每1000人中有304.3例，热带共济失调性神经病每1000人中有16.3例，中风每1000人中有7.11例，特发性震颤每1000人中有5.85例，帕金森病每1000人中有4.18例。因残疾导致的神经学年损失率为每10万人中有2806.18年。
本研究提供了证据，表明在所调查的社区中神经系统疾病负担很高，这些社区可能代表了尼日利亚西南部地区。与该地区先前研究的结果相比，本报告表明一方面毒营养障碍和感染后神经后遗症持续存在，另一方面非传染性神经系统疾病如中风和帕金森病的患病率有所增加。
