Martin K
Visiting Nurse Association of Omaha, Nebraska.
Nurs Clin North Am. 1988 Jun;23(2):373-85.
Past and present research in the home care setting predicts future trends. Home care research studies will continue to reflect social and economic issues of the future since research and researchers do not exist in a vacuum but are influenced by their era. Because of the generalized concern about economic stability and health care costs and the heightened interest in home care, investigations related to nursing interventions, client outcomes, and reimbursement will increase. As researchers search to identify long-term, positive client outcomes, the role of physical and psychosocial environmental factors will receive greater attention. Clients, too, do not exist in a vacuum but reflect the family and support systems which do, or do not, surround them. For home care research to serve as the scientific base for practice, continuing and increasing collaboration must occur between nursing service and education. More joint appointments or shared positions are likely as blending occurs in researchers' roles and nursing service staff assume more responsibility for research projects. The struggles involved with financial support of home care research will not cease. Home care researchers will continue to compete for funding with other nursing, health care, and research investigators. Specific strategies will enhance funding opportunities for home care nursing. These include: (1) increasing methodologic soundness, (2) increasing sophistication of studies and investigators, (3) publicizing findings and benefits of projects, and (4) developing a successful history of obtaining funding and conducting studies. Research in the home care setting will thrive if it attracts more and more nurses with scientific skills similar to those identified by Sir Medawar: "Among scientists are collectors, classifiers, and compulsive tidiers-up; many are detectives by temperament and many are explorers; some are artists and others artisans. There are poet-scientists and philosopher-scientists and even a few mystics."
家庭护理领域过去和现在的研究预示着未来的趋势。家庭护理研究将继续反映未来的社会和经济问题，因为研究及研究人员并非存在于真空中，而是受到其所处时代的影响。由于对经济稳定性和医疗保健成本的普遍关注以及对家庭护理兴趣的提高，与护理干预、患者结局和报销相关的调查将会增加。随着研究人员寻求确定长期、积极的患者结局，物理和心理社会环境因素的作用将受到更多关注。患者也并非存在于真空中，而是反映了围绕他们的家庭和支持系统的情况。为使家庭护理研究成为实践的科学基础，护理服务与教育之间必须持续并加强合作。随着研究人员角色的融合以及护理服务人员在研究项目中承担更多责任，可能会出现更多联合任命或共享职位的情况。家庭护理研究在资金支持方面面临的难题不会停止。家庭护理研究人员将继续与其他护理、医疗保健和研究调查人员竞争资金。特定策略将增加家庭护理研究获得资金的机会。这些策略包括：（1）提高方法的合理性，（2）提升研究及研究人员的复杂性，（3）宣传项目的研究结果和益处，（4）打造成功获取资金和开展研究的历史。如果家庭护理领域的研究能吸引越来越多具备与梅达沃爵士所描述类似科学技能的护士，那么该领域的研究将会蓬勃发展：“科学家中有收集者、分类者和强迫性整理者；许多人本质上是侦探，许多人是探索者；有些人是艺术家，有些人是工匠。有诗人科学家、哲学家科学家，甚至还有一些神秘主义者。”
