Cochrane South Africa, South African Medical Research Council, Cape Town, South Africa.
School of Public Health and Family Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch, South Africa.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2022 Dec 31;18(1):1-3. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1893062. Epub 2021 Mar 8.
Vaccine hesitancy, which embodies the unwillingness to receive vaccines when vaccination services are available and accessible, is one of the greatest threats to global health. Although vaccine hesitancy has existed among a small percentage of people for centuries, its harmful effects are likely to be more pronounced during the COVID-19 pandemic than ever before. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy will pose substantial risks for both people who delay or refuse to be vaccinated and the wider community. It will make communities unable to reach thresholds of coverage necessary for herd immunity against COVID-19, thus unnecessarily perpetuating the pandemic and resulting in untold suffering and deaths. Vaccine hesitancy is pervasive, misinformed, contagious, and is not limited to COVID-19 vaccination. Our work shows that vaccine hesitancy is a complex and dynamic social process that reflects multiple webs of influence, meaning, and logic. People's vaccination views and practices usually comprise an ongoing engagement that is contingent on unfolding personal and social circumstances, which can potentially change over time. Therefore, as COVID-19 vaccination rolls out globally, scientists and decision-makers need to investigate the scale and determinants of vaccine hesitancy in each setting; so that tailored and targeted strategies can be developed to address it.
疫苗犹豫是指在可获得和可及疫苗接种服务的情况下，不愿意接种疫苗，这是对全球健康的最大威胁之一。尽管疫苗犹豫在一小部分人群中存在了几个世纪，但在 COVID-19 大流行期间，其有害影响可能比以往任何时候都更加明显。COVID-19 疫苗犹豫将对延迟或拒绝接种疫苗的个人以及更广泛的社区构成重大风险。这将使社区无法达到针对 COVID-19 的群体免疫所需的覆盖率，从而不必要地使大流行持续下去，并导致无法估量的痛苦和死亡。疫苗犹豫普遍存在、信息错误、具有传染性，而且不仅限于 COVID-19 疫苗接种。我们的工作表明，疫苗犹豫是一个复杂和动态的社会过程，反映了多重影响、意义和逻辑网络。人们的疫苗接种观点和实践通常是一个持续的参与过程，取决于不断变化的个人和社会情况，这些情况随着时间的推移可能会发生变化。因此，随着 COVID-19 疫苗在全球范围内推出，科学家和决策者需要调查每个环境中疫苗犹豫的规模和决定因素；以便制定有针对性的策略来解决它。
