Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210 USA.
Department of Microbiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, 43210 USA.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2021 Jun;61:42-50. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2021.01.016. Epub 2021 Mar 5.
Chemosensory system is the most complex, specialized mode of signal transduction in bacteria and archaea. It is composed of several core and auxiliary protein components that are highly organized in order to deliver a fast response to changing environmental conditions. Chemosensory pathways were studied in-depth in a handful of model organisms and experimentally characterized at least to some degree in approximately thirty other species. However, genome-wide analyses have revealed their presence in thousands of sequenced microbial genomes. Both experimental and computational studies uncovered substantial diversity in system design, functional regulation, cellular localization and phyletic distribution of chemosensory pathways. Here, we summarize advances and expose gaps in our current understanding of the diversity of chemosensory systems.
化感感应系统是细菌和古菌中最复杂、最特化的信号转导模式。它由几个核心和辅助蛋白成分组成，这些成分高度组织化，以便对环境条件的变化做出快速反应。化感感应途径在少数几种模式生物中进行了深入研究，并在大约三十个其他物种中进行了至少部分程度的实验表征。然而，全基因组分析表明，它们存在于数千个已测序的微生物基因组中。实验和计算研究揭示了化感感应途径在系统设计、功能调控、细胞定位和系统发生分布方面的巨大多样性。在这里，我们总结了我们目前对化感感应系统多样性的理解的进展和差距。
