Clinical Research Education, Networking & Consultancy (CRENC), Douala, Cameroon.
Clinical Trial Service Unit and Epidemiological Studies Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
BMC Public Health. 2021 Mar 10;21(1):475. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-10403-w.
Overweight and obesity are major public health problems worldwide, with projections suggesting a proportional increase in the number of affected individuals in developing countries by the year 2030. Evidence-based preventive strategies are needed to reduce the burden of overweight and obesity in developing countries. We assessed the prevalence of, and factors associated with overweight and obesity in selected health areas in West Cameroon.
Data were collected from a community-based cross-sectional study, involving the consecutive recruitment of participants aged 18 years or older. Overweight and obesity were defined according to the WHO classification. The statistical software R (version 3.5.1, The R Foundation for statistical computing, Vienna, Austria) was used for statistical analysis. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to assess independent factors associated with overweight and obesity, and obesity.
Records of 485 participants were included for analysis. The age and sex-standardized prevalence of overweight, obesity, and overweight and obesity were 31.1% (95% CI, 27.0-35.2), 18.9% (95% CI, 14.9-22.9), and 50.1% (95% CI, 45.7-54.6), respectively. In multivariable analysis, being female (adjusted OR [aOR] = 2.79, 95% CI = 1.69-4.63), married (aOR = 3.90, 95% CI = 2.23-6.95), and having secondary or tertiary education (aOR = 3.27, 95% CI = 1.77-6.17) were associated with higher odds of overweight and obesity, while current smokers had lower odds of overweight and obesity (aOR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.16-0.82) when compared to their respective counterpart. Compared to their respective reference categories, being female being (aOR = 3.74, 95% CI = 2.01-7.30), married (aOR = 2.58, 95% CI = 1.37-5.05) and having secondary or tertiary education (aOR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.00-4.23) were associated with higher odds of obesity after adjustments for confounding.
We observed a high prevalence of overweight and obesity in this study. The odds of overweight and obesity was higher in females, married participants, and those with higher levels of education. Community-based interventions to control overweight and obesity should consider targeting these groups.
超重和肥胖是全球主要的公共卫生问题，预计到 2030 年发展中国家受影响人群的比例将增加。需要基于证据的预防策略来减轻发展中国家超重和肥胖的负担。我们评估了喀麦隆西部选定卫生领域超重和肥胖的流行情况以及相关因素。
数据来自一项基于社区的横断面研究，涉及连续招募 18 岁及以上的参与者。超重和肥胖根据世界卫生组织的分类进行定义。使用统计软件 R（版本 3.5.1，维也纳奥地利的 R 基金会用于统计计算）进行统计分析。多变量逻辑回归分析用于评估与超重和肥胖以及肥胖相关的独立因素。
共纳入 485 名参与者的记录进行分析。年龄和性别标准化的超重、肥胖和超重肥胖的患病率分别为 31.1%（95%CI，27.0-35.2）、18.9%（95%CI，14.9-22.9）和 50.1%（95%CI，45.7-54.6）。在多变量分析中，女性（调整后的优势比[aOR] = 2.79，95%CI = 1.69-4.63）、已婚（aOR = 3.90，95%CI = 2.23-6.95）和接受过中等或高等教育（aOR = 3.27，95%CI = 1.77-6.17）与超重和肥胖的几率较高相关，而与各自的对照相比，当前吸烟者超重和肥胖的几率较低（aOR = 0.37，95%CI = 0.16-0.82）。与各自的参考类别相比，女性（aOR = 3.74，95%CI = 2.01-7.30）、已婚（aOR = 2.58，95%CI = 1.37-5.05）和接受过中等或高等教育（aOR = 2.03，95%CI = 1.00-4.23）在调整混杂因素后与肥胖的几率较高相关。
我们在这项研究中观察到超重和肥胖的高患病率。女性、已婚参与者和受教育程度较高的人群超重和肥胖的几率更高。基于社区的超重和肥胖控制干预措施应考虑针对这些人群。
