Department of Microbiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Pathog Dis. 2021 Mar 31;79(4). doi: 10.1093/femspd/ftab014.
Chlamydia trachomatis is the most commonly reported sexually transmitted infection in the United States. The high prevalence of infection and lack of a vaccine indicate a critical knowledge gap surrounding the host's response to infection and how to effectively generate protective immunity. The immune response to C. trachomatis is complex, with cells of the adaptive immune system playing a crucial role in bacterial clearance. Here, we discuss the CD4+ and CD8+ T cell response to Chlamydia, the importance of antigen specificity and the role of memory T cells during the recall response. Ultimately, a deeper understanding of protective immune responses is necessary to develop a vaccine that prevents the inflammatory diseases associated with Chlamydia infection.
沙眼衣原体是美国报告的最常见的性传播感染。感染的高患病率和缺乏疫苗表明，人们对宿主对感染的反应以及如何有效产生保护性免疫存在严重的知识差距。针对沙眼衣原体的免疫反应很复杂，适应性免疫系统的细胞在清除细菌方面发挥着至关重要的作用。在这里，我们讨论了 CD4+和 CD8+T 细胞对沙眼衣原体的反应、抗原特异性的重要性以及记忆 T 细胞在回忆反应中的作用。最终，需要更深入地了解保护性免疫反应，才能开发出预防与沙眼衣原体感染相关的炎症性疾病的疫苗。
