Virology Department, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Département de Biochimie, Université de Yaoundé 1, Yaounde, Cameroun.
Influenza Other Respir Viruses. 2021 Sep;15(5):641-650. doi: 10.1111/irv.12851. Epub 2021 Mar 10.
Acute respiratory infections (ARI) are associated with a huge morbidity and mortality worldwide. Rhinoviruses (RVs) and Enteroviruses (EVs) are recognized as leading causes of ARI.
The present study describes the molecular epidemiology of RVs and EVs in Cameroon over a 3-year surveillance period.
From September 2011 to October 2014, nasopharyngeal swabs were collected from patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory infections (SARI). Two sub-genomic regions of the EVs and RVs were targeted for molecular characterization. These included the most conserved 5'-untranslated region (5'UTR) and the viral protein 4/viral protein 2 transition region (VP4/VP2).
A total of 974 samples were collected. Children ≤5 years accounted for 85.7% (835/974) of all participants. Among them, 160 (16.4%) were positive for RVs and/or EVs. RVs and/or EVs were significantly more identified in ILI compared to SARI patients (P = .015). Both viruses co-circulated all year long with a marked increase of occurrence during rainy and cold season. All RV species were found to circulate in Cameroon, with 6, 10 and 6 virus types belonging to the RV-A, RV-B and RV-C, respectively. EV species identified comprised EV-A (1 Coxsackie virus A5), EV-B (1 Coxsackie virus A9 and 2 Coxsackie virus B1) and EV-C (1 EV-C117).
This study indicates a strong year-round occurrence of EV and RV associated respiratory infections in Cameroon. Molecular characterization identified a wide variety of RVs and EVs in patients with ARI in Cameroon.
急性呼吸道感染（ARI）在全球范围内与巨大的发病率和死亡率相关。鼻病毒（RV）和肠病毒（EV）被认为是ARI 的主要病因。
本研究描述了喀麦隆在 3 年监测期间 RV 和 EV 的分子流行病学。
从 2011 年 9 月至 2014 年 10 月，采集流感样疾病（ILI）和严重急性呼吸道感染（SARI）患者的鼻咽拭子。针对 EV 和 RV 的两个亚基因组区域进行分子特征分析。这些区域包括最保守的 5'-非翻译区（5'UTR）和病毒蛋白 4/病毒蛋白 2 转换区（VP4/VP2）。
共采集 974 份样本。所有参与者中，≤5 岁的儿童占 85.7%（835/974）。其中，160 例（16.4%）RVs 和/或 EVs 阳性。与 SARI 患者相比，ILI 患者中 RVs 和/或 EVs 的检出率显著更高（P =.015）。两种病毒全年都在循环，在雨季和寒冷季节发生率明显增加。在喀麦隆发现所有 RV 种都在循环，其中 6、10 和 6 种病毒分别属于 RV-A、RV-B 和 RV-C。鉴定的 EV 种包括 EV-A（1 柯萨奇病毒 A5）、EV-B（1 柯萨奇病毒 A9 和 2 柯萨奇病毒 B1）和 EV-C（1 EV-C117）。
本研究表明，喀麦隆全年都有强烈的 EV 和 RV 相关呼吸道感染发生。分子特征分析鉴定了喀麦隆 ARI 患者中广泛的 RV 和 EV。
