Nanodelivery Lab, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome 00161, Italy.
General Surgery Unit, University Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Rome 00128, Italy.
Biointerphases. 2021 Feb 17;16(1):011010. doi: 10.1116/6.0000540.
Characterization of the personalized protein corona (PC) that forms around nanomaterials upon exposure to human plasma is emerging as powerful technology for early cancer detection. However, low material stability and interbatch variability have limited its clinical application so far. Here, we present a nanoparticle-enabled blood (NEB) test that uses 120 nm gold nanoparticles (NPs) as the accumulator of blood plasma proteins. In the test, the personalized PC of gold NPs is characterized by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. As a paradigmatic case study, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) was chosen due to the lack of effective detection strategies that lead to poor survival rate after diagnosis (<1 year) and extremely low 5-years survival rate (15-20%). Densitometric analysis of 75 protein patterns (28 from healthy subjects and 47 from PDAC patients) allowed us to distinguish nononcological and PDAC patients with good sensitivity (78.6%) and specificity (85.3%). The gold NEB test is completely aligned to affordable, sensitive, specific, user-friendly, rapid and robust, equipment-free, and deliverable to end users criteria stated by the World Health Organization for cancer screening and detection. Thus, it could be very useful in clinical practice at the first level of investigation to decide whether to carry out more invasive analyses or not.
对纳米材料在与人血浆接触时形成的个性化蛋白质冠（PC）进行特征描述，正在成为早期癌症检测的强大技术。然而，迄今为止，其材料稳定性低和批次间变异性限制了其临床应用。在这里，我们提出了一种基于纳米颗粒的血液（NEB）检测方法，该方法使用 120nm 金纳米颗粒（NPs）作为血浆蛋白的积累物。在该测试中，通过十二烷基硫酸钠聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳对金 NPs 的个性化 PC 进行特征描述。作为一个典范性的案例研究，选择了胰腺导管腺癌（PDAC），因为缺乏有效的检测策略，导致诊断后的生存率很低（<1 年），5 年生存率极低（15-20%）。对 75 种蛋白质图谱（28 种来自健康受试者，47 种来自 PDAC 患者）进行密度分析，使我们能够以良好的灵敏度（78.6%）和特异性（85.3%）区分非肿瘤和 PDAC 患者。金 NEB 测试完全符合经济实惠、敏感、特异性、用户友好、快速和稳健、无设备以及可交付给最终用户的标准，这些标准是世界卫生组织对癌症筛查和检测的要求。因此，它在临床实践中非常有用，可以在初步调查中决定是否进行更具侵入性的分析。
