Department of Biological Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Department of Biological Sciences, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, USA.
Nat Ecol Evol. 2021 May;5(5):670-676. doi: 10.1038/s41559-021-01406-2. Epub 2021 Mar 11.
Microbiomes are important to the survival and reproduction of their hosts. Although ecological and evolutionary processes can happen simultaneously in microbiomes, little is known about how microbiome eco-evolutionary dynamics determine host fitness. Here we show, using experimental evolution, that fitness of the aquatic plant Lemna minor is modified by interactions between the microbiome and the evolution of one member, Pseudomonas fluorescens. Microbiome presence promotes P. fluorescens' rapid evolution to form biofilm, which reciprocally alters the microbiome's species composition. These eco-evolutionary dynamics modify the host's multigenerational fitness. The microbiome and non-evolving P. fluorescens together promote host fitness, whereas the microbiome with P. fluorescens that evolves biofilm reduces the beneficial impact on host fitness. Additional experiments suggest that the microbial effect on host fitness may occur through changes in microbiome production of auxin, a plant growth hormone. Our study, therefore, experimentally demonstrates the importance of the eco-evolutionary dynamics in microbiomes for host-microbiome interactions.
微生物组对于其宿主的生存和繁殖至关重要。尽管生态和进化过程可以在微生物组中同时发生，但对于微生物组生态进化动态如何决定宿主适应性知之甚少。在这里，我们通过实验进化表明，水生植物浮萍的适应性受到微生物组与其中一个成员荧光假单胞菌进化之间相互作用的影响。微生物组的存在促进了荧光假单胞菌快速形成生物膜，这反过来又改变了微生物组的物种组成。这些生态进化动态改变了宿主的多代适应性。微生物组和不进化的荧光假单胞菌共同促进了宿主的适应性，而形成生物膜的进化荧光假单胞菌的微生物组则降低了对宿主适应性的有益影响。额外的实验表明，微生物对宿主适应性的影响可能是通过微生物组产生植物生长激素生长素的变化来实现的。因此，我们的研究通过实验证明了微生物组中生态进化动态对宿主-微生物组相互作用的重要性。
