Department of Public Health, University of Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Department of Research, Institut Supérieur des Techniques Médicales de Lubumbashi, Democratic Republic of Congo.
Pan Afr Med J. 2019 Nov 7;34:135. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2019.34.135.20226. eCollection 2019.
The burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is increasing rapidly in low- and middle-income countries, with the largest portion occurring in Africa. Results from earlier baseline measures on obesity, diabetes and hypertension (ODH) in the Tenke Fungurume Mining (TFM) workforce in 2010 showed high proportions of overweight, pre-diabetic and pre-hypertensive individuals, predicting an upward trend in the burden of ODH over time. The 2010-2015 longitudinal trends on ODH and related risk factors among the TFM workforce is presented herein, and projects the consequent burden of these diseases on the workforce by 2025 if an effective prevention program is not implemented.
A longitudinal, retrospective cohort study with 3-time intervals was conducted using occupational health records collected on all employees and contractors who had a pre-employment or follow up medical checkups covering the period between January 2010 and December 2015. Repeated paired t tests measured changes in mean values of quantitative risk factors, while a chi-square test assessed changes in prevalence and categorical risk factors over time. A linear projection model was used to predict the consequent morbidity of ODH for the subsequent 10 years up to 2025.
Between 2010 and 2015, prevalence increased from 4.5% to 11.1% for obesity, 11.9% to 15.6% for diabetes, and 18.2% to 26.5% for hypertension. By 2025, provided no prevention program is implemented, prevalence is predicted to reach 25%, 24% and 42% respectively for obesity, diabetes and hypertension.
Without implementation of a comprehensive NCD prevention plan, the burden of ODH and other NCDs is predicted to increase dramatically in the TFM workforce. Alone or combined, NCDs have the potential to dramatically increase operational costs while decreasing productivity over time.
在中低收入国家，非传染性疾病（NCDs）的负担正在迅速增加，其中最大的部分发生在非洲。2010 年，对 Tenke Fungurume 矿区（TFM）劳动力进行的肥胖、糖尿病和高血压（ODH）早期基线测量结果显示，超重、糖尿病前期和高血压前期个体的比例较高，这预示着随着时间的推移，ODH 的负担呈上升趋势。本文介绍了 2010 年至 2015 年 TFM 劳动力 ODH 及相关危险因素的纵向趋势，并预测如果不实施有效的预防计划，这些疾病将给劳动力带来的相应负担到 2025 年。
使用 2010 年 1 月至 2015 年 12 月期间收集的所有员工和承包商的职业健康记录，进行了 3 次时间间隔的纵向回顾性队列研究。重复配对 t 检验测量了定量危险因素平均值的变化，而卡方检验评估了随时间变化的患病率和分类危险因素的变化。线性预测模型用于预测随后 10 年（直至 2025 年）ODH 的相应发病率。
2010 年至 2015 年间，肥胖症的患病率从 4.5%上升至 11.1%，糖尿病的患病率从 11.9%上升至 15.6%，高血压的患病率从 18.2%上升至 26.5%。到 2025 年，如果不实施任何预防计划，肥胖症、糖尿病和高血压的患病率预计将分别达到 25%、24%和 42%。
如果不实施全面的非传染性疾病预防计划，TFM 劳动力的 ODH 和其他非传染性疾病的负担预计将大幅增加。单独或联合使用时，非传染性疾病有可能随着时间的推移，大幅增加运营成本，同时降低生产力。
