Park Seon Cheol, Won Sun Young, Kim Na Hye, Choi Heun, Youk Tae Mi, Lee Hyun Jung, Jeon Han Ho
Department of Internal Medicine, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
Research Institute, National Health Insurance Service Ilsan Hospital, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
Ann Transl Med. 2021 Feb;9(3):211. doi: 10.21037/atm-20-5958.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly turned into a public health emergency worldwide; however, the risk factors for infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have not been well-described. We aimed to identify the clinical risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infections in Korea, where social distancing and face masks have been strongly recommended.
The data of individuals who underwent the reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction test for SARS-CoV-2 between January 3 and May 31, 2020 were retrieved from the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service dataset. We used multivariable logistic regression models to identify the risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infections in the population.
We retrieved the results of 219,729 SARS-CoV-2 tests, of which 7,333 were positive results. In the multivariable analysis, female sex was associated with a higher risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 [odds ratio (OR) =1.30, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.24-1.37, P<0.0001]. Additionally, populations living in areas that had large outbreaks of COVID-19 were at an increased risk of testing positive for SARS-CoV-2 (OR =6.87, 95% CI: 6.55-7.21, P<0.0001). The odds of a positive test were greater for the Medical Aid beneficiaries (OR =1.99, 95% CI: 1.82-2.18, P<0.0001) than for the National Health Insurance beneficiaries. Individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) were more likely to test positive (OR =1.15, 95% CI: 1.07-1.24, P=0.0002).
Women, individuals living in areas with large outbreaks of COVID-19, Medical Aid beneficiaries, and individuals with DM might have greater risks of contracting SARS-CoV-2 infections despite practicing social distancing and using face masks.
2019年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）已迅速演变成一场全球公共卫生紧急事件；然而，严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）感染的风险因素尚未得到充分描述。我们旨在确定在韩国，即强烈建议保持社交距离和佩戴口罩的情况下，SARS-CoV-2感染的临床风险因素。
从健康保险审查和评估服务数据集检索2020年1月3日至5月31日期间接受SARS-CoV-2逆转录聚合酶链反应检测的个体数据。我们使用多变量逻辑回归模型来确定人群中SARS-CoV-2感染的风险因素。
我们检索到219,729次SARS-CoV-2检测结果，其中7,333次为阳性结果。在多变量分析中，女性感染SARS-CoV-2检测呈阳性的风险更高[比值比（OR）=1.30，95%置信区间（CI）：1.24-1.37，P<0.0001]。此外，生活在COVID-19大爆发地区的人群感染SARS-CoV-2检测呈阳性的风险增加（OR =6.87，95%CI：6.55-7.21，P<0.0001）。医疗救助受益人检测呈阳性的几率（OR =1.99，95%CI：1.82-2.18，P<0.0001）高于国民健康保险受益人。糖尿病（DM）患者更有可能检测呈阳性（OR =1.15，95%CI：1.07-1.24，P=0.0002）。
尽管保持社交距离并佩戴口罩，女性、生活在COVID-19大爆发地区的人群、医疗救助受益人以及糖尿病患者感染SARS-CoV-2的风险可能更高。
