School of Rehabilitation Therapy, Queen's University, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, Queen's University, Canada.
Department of Pediatrics, Queen's University, Canada.
Early Hum Dev. 2021 May;156:105347. doi: 10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2021.105347. Epub 2021 Mar 10.
Preterm infants and their mothers face many barriers to the establishment of exclusive breastfeeding in the neonatal intensive care unit.
The objective of this study was to assess and compare the effect of maternally administered non-nutritive sucking (NNS) on an emptied breast versus a pacifier on exclusive breastfeeding establishment at hospital discharge.
A block randomized study design was performed.
NCT03434743.
A total of 33 preterm infants born less than or equal to 34 weeks gestation participated in the study. The NNS on an emptied breast or pacifier interventions were administered by mothers, once a day for 15 min. Outcomes included: exclusive breastfeeding acquisition, described as infants who received greater than or equal to 50% of direct breastfeeds at hospital discharge; time to achieve independent oral feeding, defined as the number of days to transition from complete tube feeds to full oral feeds (full breast, partial breast/bottle, or full bottle); length of hospitalization, described as the number of days from admission to hospital discharge.
A significantly greater number of infants in the NNS emptied breast group acquired exclusive breastfeeds at hospital discharge as compared with those in the NNS pacifier group (63% vs. 24%, p = 0.037). There was no difference between groups in time to achieve independent oral feeds (14.4 ± 8.0 vs. 14.4 ± 6.4 days, p = 0.683) and length of hospital stay (48.7 ± 33.7 vs. 53.1 ± 30.6 days, p = 0.595).
Provision of NNS on an emptied breast is a safe and low-cost infant and mother targeted intervention which can increase exclusive breastfeeding rates and its well-recognized advantages in a highly vulnerable population.
早产儿及其母亲在新生儿重症监护病房中面临许多建立纯母乳喂养的障碍。
本研究旨在评估和比较母亲给予空乳房吸吮（NNS）与安抚奶嘴对出院时建立纯母乳喂养的影响。
采用区组随机设计。
NCT03434743。
共有 33 名胎龄小于或等于 34 周的早产儿参与了这项研究。母亲每天给予 NNS 干预一次，每次 15 分钟，干预方式为空乳房吸吮或安抚奶嘴吸吮。结局包括：出院时获得纯母乳喂养，定义为婴儿在出院时接受大于或等于 50%的直接母乳喂养；实现独立口服喂养的时间，定义为从完全管饲过渡到完全口服喂养（完全母乳喂养、部分母乳喂养/奶瓶喂养或完全奶瓶喂养）的天数；住院时间，定义为从入院到出院的天数。
与 NNS 安抚奶嘴组相比，NNS 空乳房组在出院时获得纯母乳喂养的婴儿比例显著更高（63%比 24%，p=0.037）。两组在实现独立口服喂养的时间（14.4±8.0 比 14.4±6.4 天，p=0.683）和住院时间（48.7±33.7 比 53.1±30.6 天，p=0.595）方面无差异。
提供空乳房吸吮是一种安全且低成本的针对婴儿和母亲的干预措施，可以提高纯母乳喂养率，并且在高度脆弱的人群中具有其公认的优势。
