Orovou Eirini, Tzitiridou-Chatzopoulou Maria, Dagla Maria, Eskitzis Panagiotis, Palaska Ermioni, Iliadou Maria, Iatrakis Georgios, Antoniou Evangelia
Department of Midwifery, University of Western Macedonia, Keptse, 50200 Ptolemaida, Greece.
Department of Midwifery, University of West Attica, Agioy Spyridonos 28, 12243 Egaleo, Greece.
Children (Basel). 2022 Oct 19;9(10):1585. doi: 10.3390/children9101585.
Breastfeeding is very important for the proper nutrition and growth of the child, as well as, the health of the mother. To start breastfeeding, the neonate must have extensive oral capacities for sucking functions but, premature neonates may not have the muscle strength needed to suck successfully. However, the non-nutritive sucking achieved by using a pacifier, has been identified by previous research as a factor associated with shorter duration and exclusivity of breastfeeding. This study aims to perform a systematic review to investigate the relationship between pacifier use in preterm neonates and breastfeeding in infancy.
We included prospective studies, as well as randomized controlled studies that evaluated the association between pacifier use by preterm neonates and of breastfeeding in infancy. Ten research articles from PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar and Crossref were included in the review from a total of 1455 articles. The results differ depending on the type of study.Most prospective studies have shown a negative correlation between pacifier use and breastfeeding, while the randomized controlled studies found a positive correlation.
Pacifier use in preterm infants helps transition from tube to oral feeding, breastfeeding, faster weight gain and earlier discharge from the NICU. However, the relationship between pacifiers and breastfeeding is more complicated, as it appears to be influenced by additional risk factors.
母乳喂养对儿童的适当营养和生长以及母亲的健康都非常重要。要开始母乳喂养，新生儿必须具备广泛的口腔吸吮功能，但早产儿可能没有成功吸吮所需的肌肉力量。然而，先前的研究已确定使用安抚奶嘴实现的非营养性吸吮是与母乳喂养持续时间较短和纯母乳喂养相关的一个因素。本研究旨在进行系统综述，以调查早产儿使用安抚奶嘴与婴儿期母乳喂养之间的关系。
我们纳入了前瞻性研究以及评估早产儿使用安抚奶嘴与婴儿期母乳喂养之间关联的随机对照研究。从PubMed/Medline、谷歌学术和CrossRef的1455篇文章中，有10篇研究文章被纳入该综述。结果因研究类型而异。大多数前瞻性研究表明使用安抚奶嘴与母乳喂养之间存在负相关，而随机对照研究则发现存在正相关。
早产儿使用安抚奶嘴有助于从管饲过渡到经口喂养、母乳喂养，体重增加更快，并更早从新生儿重症监护病房出院。然而，安抚奶嘴与母乳喂养之间的关系更为复杂，因为它似乎受到其他风险因素的影响。
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