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“你不再年轻了!”:性别、年龄与改革后中国的生育政治

'You are not Young Anymore!': Gender, Age and the Politics of Reproduction in Post-reform China.

作者信息

Gu Xiaorong

机构信息

Asia Research Institute, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

出版信息

Asian Bioeth Rev. 2021 Jan 11;13(1):57-76. doi: 10.1007/s41649-020-00157-9. eCollection 2021 Mar.

Abstract

Based on in-depth interview data and popular culture texts, the current study has explored the politics of reproduction revolving around women's age in contemporary China. Conceptualizing reproduction as a site of contestation and politics between different, and often contradictory, sets of discourses and power structures, I pursue a feminist and social constructivist analysis of the politics of reproduction in the lives of a group of urban professional women who are yet to enter motherhood at their late 20s and 30s. I engage with Inhorn's (2009) concept of 'disrupted reproduction' to highlight the politically, morally and emotionally charged contestations in the 'problematized' reproductive lives of these women. I unveil how Chinese professional women beyond their 'reproductive prime' are discursively constructed as 'disrupters', who fail their femininity test tied to a motherhood identity within the family context, challenge the 'natural' biological law regulating their reproductive bodies, and face a doomed reproductive future fraught with medical, physical and emotional traumas which ART cannot alleviate. Such a discourse renders invisible the structural causes of problems and challenges professional women face in negotiating parenthood, social norms and selfhood, which systematically put them under pervasive social surveillance and discipline.

摘要

基于深入访谈数据和流行文化文本,本研究探讨了当代中国围绕女性年龄的生育政治。将生育概念化为不同且往往相互矛盾的话语和权力结构之间的争议和政治场所,我对一群在20多岁和30多岁尚未成为母亲的城市职业女性生活中的生育政治进行了女性主义和社会建构主义分析。我运用英霍恩(2009)的“生育中断”概念,以突出这些女性“问题化”生育生活中在政治、道德和情感上充满争议的情况。我揭示了中国超过“生育黄金期”的职业女性如何在话语中被建构为“破坏者”,她们在家庭背景中未能通过与母亲身份相关的女性气质测试,挑战调节其生殖身体的“自然”生物学规律,并面临充满医学、身体和情感创伤且辅助生殖技术无法缓解的注定的生育未来。这种话语使职业女性在协商为人父母、社会规范和自我身份时所面临问题和挑战的结构性原因变得不可见,这些结构性原因系统性地使她们处于普遍的社会监视和规训之下。

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