Institut Pasteur, Unité des Aspergillus, Paris, France.
Institut Pasteur, Molecular Mycology Unit, CNRS, UMR-2000, Paris, France.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2021 Feb 25;11:643312. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.643312. eCollection 2021.
Although belong to the same genus, is primarily involved in invasive pulmonary infection, whereas is a common cause of superficial infection. In this study, we compared conidia (the infective propagules) of these two species. In immunocompetent mice, intranasal inoculation with conidia of resulted in significantly higher inflammatory responses in the lungs compared to mice inoculated with conidia. assays revealed that the dormant conidia of , unlike dormant conidia, are immunostimulatory. The conidial surface of was covered by a rodlet-layer, while that of were presented with exposed polysaccharides. harbored significantly higher number of proteins in its conidial cell wall compared to conidia. Notably, β-1,3-glucan in the conidial cell-wall showed significantly higher percentage of branching compared to that of . The polysaccharides ensemble of conidial cell wall stimulated the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, and conidial cell wall associated proteins specifically stimulated IL-8 secretion from the host immune cells. Furthermore, the two species exhibited different sensitivities to antifungal drugs targeting cell wall polysaccharides, proposing the efficacy of species-specific treatment strategies. Overall, the species-specific organization of the conidial cell wall could be important in establishing infection by the two species.
虽然属于同一属，但主要引起肺部侵袭性感染，而则是常见的浅表感染病原体。在本研究中，我们比较了这两种的分生孢子（感染性繁殖体）。在免疫功能正常的小鼠中，鼻腔内接种分生孢子会导致肺部的炎症反应明显高于接种分生孢子。检测结果显示，与休眠的分生孢子不同，休眠的分生孢子具有免疫刺激性。的分生孢子表面覆盖着一层棒状体层，而的分生孢子则呈现出暴露的多糖。与分生孢子相比，的分生孢子细胞壁中含有更多的蛋白质。值得注意的是，与相比，β-1,3-葡聚糖在中的分支比例明显更高。的分生孢子细胞壁中的多糖混合物可刺激促炎细胞因子的分泌，而与细胞壁相关的蛋白质则可特异性地刺激宿主免疫细胞分泌 IL-8。此外，这两个物种对靶向细胞壁多糖的抗真菌药物表现出不同的敏感性，这提示了采用特定于物种的治疗策略的有效性。总的来说，分生孢子细胞壁的种特异性组织可能在这两个物种的感染建立中起着重要作用。
