Human Nutrition Program, Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.
James Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States.
J Proteome Res. 2021 May 7;20(5):2583-2595. doi: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c01009. Epub 2021 Mar 15.
Nutrient-dense dairy foods are an important component of a healthy diet. Recommendations, however, advise non- and low-fat dairy foods despite controversy concerning whether full-fat dairy foods adversely impact cardiometabolic health. Therefore, in this study, our objective is to examine the differential plasma lipidomic responses to non-fat or full-fat milk ingestion during postprandial hyperglycemia. Seven adults with prediabetes completed a randomized cross-over study in which glucose was consumed alone or with non-fat or full-fat dairy milk. Plasma samples collected at 90 min and 180 min post milk ingestion were used to perform untargeted lipidomics analysis. A total of 332 lipids from 20 classes and five lipid categories were detected at different time points during the postprandial period. Dairy milk, especially non-fat milk, protected against lipid changes otherwise induced by glucose ingestion. Co-ingestion of dairy milk with glucose, regardless of fat content, significantly altered lipid profiles although full-fat milk more substantially modulated lipid profiles. For the identified lipid biomarkers, 68.0% and 66.7% of the lipids significantly increased at 90 and 180 min, respectively, while phosphatidylcholines (GPs) contributed most for the significant increase. Comparative lipidomics analysis indicated that both types of dairy milk induced significant changes in several lipid pathways, including glycerophospholipid metabolism and α-linolenic acid metabolism, to protect against postprandial hyperglycemia. In summary, our comparative lipidomics results suggested that dairy milk-mediated lipid modulation may be an effective dietary approach to reduce the risk of metabolic diseases among those with prediabetes.
富含营养的乳制品是健康饮食的重要组成部分。然而，尽管关于全脂乳制品是否会对心血管代谢健康产生不利影响存在争议，建议还是选择非脂或低脂乳制品。因此，在这项研究中，我们的目的是研究在餐后高血糖期间，非脂或全脂牛奶摄入对血浆脂质组学的不同反应。7 名患有前驱糖尿病的成年人完成了一项随机交叉研究，其中单独摄入葡萄糖或与非脂或全脂乳制品一起摄入葡萄糖。在摄入牛奶后 90 分钟和 180 分钟采集的血浆样本用于进行非靶向脂质组学分析。在餐后期间的不同时间点共检测到来自 20 类和 5 个脂质类别的 332 种脂质。乳制品，尤其是非脂乳制品，可防止因葡萄糖摄入而引起的脂质变化。无论脂肪含量如何，与葡萄糖共同摄入乳制品都会显著改变脂质谱，尽管全脂牛奶更能调节脂质谱。对于鉴定出的脂质生物标志物，有 68.0%和 66.7%的脂质分别在 90 分钟和 180 分钟时显著增加，而磷脂酰胆碱（GPs）对显著增加的贡献最大。比较脂质组学分析表明，两种类型的乳制品都会引起几种脂质途径的显著变化，包括甘油磷脂代谢和α-亚麻酸代谢，以防止餐后高血糖。总之，我们的比较脂质组学结果表明，乳制品介导的脂质调节可能是一种有效的饮食方法，可降低前驱糖尿病患者发生代谢性疾病的风险。
