Research Division, School of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.
Children's Hospital of Mexico Federico Gomez, Mexico City, Mexico.
Stem Cell Rev Rep. 2021 Oct;17(5):1590-1606. doi: 10.1007/s12015-021-10151-9. Epub 2021 Mar 17.
Accumulating evidence strongly indicates that the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs) leads to the emergence of worse clinical scenarios, such as chemo- and radiotherapy resistance, metastasis, and cancer recurrence. CSCs are a highly tumorigenic population characterized by self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential. Thus, CSCs establish a hierarchical intratumor organization that enables tumor adaptation to evade the immune response and resist anticancer therapy. YY1 functions as a transcription factor, RNA-binding protein, and 3D chromatin regulator. Thus, YY1 has multiple effects and regulates several molecular processes. Emerging evidence indicates that the development of lethal YY1-mediated cancer phenotypes is associated with the presence of or enrichment in cancer stem-like cells. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate whether and to what extent YY1 regulates the CSC phenotype. Since CSCs mirror the phenotypic behavior of stem cells, we initially describe the roles played by YY1 in embryonic and adult stem cells. Next, we scrutinize evidence supporting the contributions of YY1 in CSCs from a number of various cancer types. Finally, we identify new areas for further investigation into the YY1-CSCs axis, including the participation of YY1 in the CSC niche.
越来越多的证据表明，癌症干细胞（CSCs）的存在导致了更糟糕的临床情况的出现，如化疗和放疗耐药、转移和癌症复发。CSCs 是一种具有自我更新能力和分化潜能的高度致瘤性群体。因此，CSCs 建立了一种肿瘤内的分层组织，使肿瘤能够适应以逃避免疫反应并抵抗抗癌治疗。YY1 作为转录因子、RNA 结合蛋白和 3D 染色质调节剂发挥作用。因此，YY1 具有多种作用，并调节几种分子过程。新出现的证据表明，致命的 YY1 介导的癌症表型的发展与癌症干细胞样细胞的存在或富集有关。因此，有必要研究 YY1 是否以及在何种程度上调节 CSC 表型。由于 CSCs 反映了干细胞的表型行为，我们首先描述了 YY1 在胚胎和成人干细胞中所起的作用。接下来，我们仔细研究了来自多种不同癌症类型的 CSCs 中 YY1 作用的证据。最后，我们确定了进一步研究 YY1-CSCs 轴的新领域，包括 YY1 参与 CSC 生态位。
