Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Cuité, PB, Brasil.
Universidade Federal da Paraíba, João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.
PLoS One. 2021 Mar 17;16(3):e0246184. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246184. eCollection 2021.
Macaíba palm seed kernel is a source of lipids and phenolic compounds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of macaíba palm seed kernel on anxiety, memory, and oxidative stress in the brain of health and dyslipidemic rats. Forty rats were used, divided into 4 groups (n = 10 each): control (CONT), dyslipidemic (DG), kernel (KG), and Dyslipidemic kernel (DKG). Dyslipidemia was induced using a high fat emulsion for 14 days before treatment. KG and DKG received 1000 mg/kg of macaíba palm seed kernel per gavage for 28 days. After treatment, anxiety tests were carried out using the Open Field Test (OFT), Elevated Plus Maze (EPM), and the Object Recognition Test (ORT) to assess memory. In the animals' brain tissue, levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and total glutathione (GSH) were quantified to determine oxidative stress. The data were treated with Two Way ANOVA followed by Tukey (p <0.05). Results demonstrated that the animals treated with kernel realized more rearing. DG and KG groomed less compared with CONT and DKG compared with all groups in OFT. KG spent more time in aversive open arms compared with CONT and DKG compared with all groups in EPM. Only DKG spent more time in the central area in EMP. KG and DKG showed a reduction in the exploration rate and MDA values (p <0.05). Data showed that macaíba palm seed kernel consumption induced anxiolytic-like behaviour and decreased lipids peroxidation in rats' brains. On the other hand, this consumption by healthy and dyslipidemic animals compromises memory.
巴西栗种仁是脂类和酚类化合物的来源。本研究的目的是评估巴西栗种仁对健康和血脂异常大鼠大脑焦虑、记忆和氧化应激的影响。使用 40 只大鼠，分为 4 组（每组 n = 10）：对照组（CONT）、血脂异常组（DG）、种仁组（KG）和血脂异常种仁组（DKG）。在治疗前用高脂肪乳剂诱导血脂异常 14 天。KG 和 DKG 灌胃 1000mg/kg 的巴西栗种仁 28 天。治疗后，使用旷场试验（OFT）、高架十字迷宫试验（EPM）和物体识别试验（ORT）进行焦虑试验，以评估记忆。在动物脑组织中，测定丙二醛（MDA）和总谷胱甘肽（GSH）的水平，以确定氧化应激。用双因素方差分析（Two Way ANOVA）和 Tukey 检验（p <0.05）处理数据。结果表明，种仁处理的动物有更多的直立行为。DG 和 KG 在 OFT 中比 CONT 和 DKG 组的动物更少修饰。KG 在 EPM 中比 CONT 和 DKG 组的动物更多地进入厌恶开放臂。只有 DKG 在 EMP 中更多地停留在中央区域。KG 和 DKG 显示探索率和 MDA 值降低（p <0.05）。数据表明，巴西栗种仁的摄入诱导了大鼠的抗焦虑样行为，并降低了大脑中的脂质过氧化。另一方面，健康和血脂异常动物的这种摄入会损害记忆。
