Qi Xiaoxu, Diao Tianning
Department of Chemistry, New York University, New York, New York 10003, United States.
ACS Catal. 2020 Aug 7;10(15):8542-8556. doi: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02115. Epub 2020 Jul 2.
1,2-Dicarbofunctionalization of alkenes has emerged as an efficient synthetic strategy for preparing substituted molecules by coupling readily available alkenes with electrophiles and/or nucleophiles. Nickel complexes serve as effective catalysts owing to their tendency to undergo facile oxidative addition and slow -hydride elimination, and their capability to access both two-electron and radical pathways. Two-component alkene functionalization reactions have achieved high chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivities by tethering one of the coupling partners to the alkene substrate. Three-component reactions, however, often incorporate directing groups to control the selectivity. Only a few examples of directing-group-free difunctionalizations of unactivated alkenes have been reported. Therefore, great opportunities exist for the development of three-component difunctionalization reactions with broad substrate scopes and tunable chemo-, regio-, and stereoselectivities.
烯烃的1,2-双碳官能团化已成为一种有效的合成策略，可通过将易得的烯烃与亲电试剂和/或亲核试剂偶联来制备取代分子。镍配合物由于易于进行氧化加成和缓慢的氢化物消除，以及能够同时进入双电子和自由基途径，因此是有效的催化剂。通过将其中一个偶联伙伴连接到烯烃底物上，双组分烯烃官能团化反应已实现了高化学、区域和立体选择性。然而，三组分反应通常需要引入导向基团来控制选择性。目前仅报道了少数几例无导向基团的未活化烯烃双官能团化反应。因此，开发具有广泛底物范围和可调控化学、区域和立体选择性的三组分双官能团化反应存在巨大机遇。
