Haralabidis Nicos, Serrancolí Gil, Colyer Steffi, Bezodis Ian, Salo Aki, Cazzola Dario
Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
CAMERA-Centre for the Analysis of Motion, Entertainment Research and Applications, Bath, UK.
PeerJ. 2021 Mar 8;9:e10975. doi: 10.7717/peerj.10975. eCollection 2021.
Biomechanical simulation and modelling approaches have the possibility to make a meaningful impact within applied sports settings, such as sprinting. However, for this to be realised, such approaches must first undergo a thorough quantitative evaluation against experimental data. We developed a musculoskeletal modelling and simulation framework for sprinting, with the objective to evaluate its ability to reproduce experimental kinematics and kinetics data for different sprinting phases. This was achieved by performing a series of data-tracking calibration (individual and simultaneous) and validation simulations, that also featured the generation of dynamically consistent simulated outputs and the determination of foot-ground contact model parameters. The simulated values from the calibration simulations were found to be in close agreement with the corresponding experimental data, particularly for the kinematics (average root mean squared differences (RMSDs) less than 1.0° and 0.2 cm for the rotational and translational kinematics, respectively) and ground reaction force (highest average percentage RMSD of 8.1%). Minimal differences in tracking performance were observed when concurrently determining the foot-ground contact model parameters from each of the individual or simultaneous calibration simulations. The validation simulation yielded results that were comparable (RMSDs less than 1.0° and 0.3 cm for the rotational and translational kinematics, respectively) to those obtained from the calibration simulations. This study demonstrated the suitability of the proposed framework for performing future predictive simulations of sprinting, and gives confidence in its use to assess the cause-effect relationships of technique modification in relation to performance. Furthermore, this is the first study to provide dynamically consistent three-dimensional muscle-driven simulations of sprinting across different phases.
生物力学模拟和建模方法有可能在诸如短跑等应用体育场景中产生有意义的影响。然而，要实现这一点，这些方法必须首先针对实验数据进行全面的定量评估。我们开发了一个用于短跑的肌肉骨骼建模和模拟框架，目的是评估其再现不同短跑阶段实验运动学和动力学数据的能力。这是通过执行一系列数据跟踪校准（单独和同时进行）和验证模拟来实现的，这些模拟还包括生成动态一致的模拟输出以及确定足底与地面接触模型参数。校准模拟的模拟值与相应的实验数据非常吻合，特别是对于运动学（旋转和平移运动学的平均均方根差（RMSD）分别小于1.0°和0.2厘米）和地面反作用力（最高平均均方根差百分比为8.1%）。当从单独或同时进行的校准模拟中同时确定足底与地面接触模型参数时，观察到跟踪性能的差异最小。验证模拟得到的结果与校准模拟得到的结果相当（旋转和平移运动学的RMSD分别小于1.0°和0.3厘米）。这项研究证明了所提出的框架适用于未来的短跑预测模拟，并使其有信心用于评估技术改进与性能之间的因果关系。此外，这是第一项提供不同阶段短跑的动态一致三维肌肉驱动模拟的研究。
