Department of Human Development and Family Studies, Iowa State University.
Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine and Public Health, University of Wisconsin-Madison.
Am Psychol. 2021 Feb-Mar;76(2):188-202. doi: 10.1037/amp0000780.
Imaging methods have elucidated several neurobiological correlates of traumatic and adverse experiences in childhood. This knowledge base may foster the development of programs and policies that aim to build resilience and adaptation in children and youth facing adversity. Translation of this research requires both effective and accurate communication of the science. This review begins with a discussion of integrating the language used to describe and identify childhood adversity and their outcomes to clarify the translation of neurodevelopmental findings. An integrative term, Traumatic and Adverse Childhood Experiences (TRACEs+) is proposed, alongside a revised adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) pyramid that emphasizes that a diversity of adverse experiences may lead to a common outcome and that a diversity of outcomes may result from a common adverse experience. This term facilitates linkages between the ACEs literature and the emerging neurodevelopmental knowledge surrounding the effect of traumatic adverse childhood experiences on youth in terms of the knowns and unknowns about neural connectivity in youth samples. How neuroscience findings may lead directly or indirectly to specific techniques or targets for intervention and the reciprocal nature of these relationships is addressed. Potential implications of the neuroscience for policy and intervention at multiple levels are illustrated using existing policy programs that may be informed by (and inform) neuroscience. The need for transdisciplinary models to continue to move the science to action closes the article. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
成像方法阐明了儿童期创伤和逆境经历的几种神经生物学相关性。这一知识基础可以促进制定旨在培养儿童和青年适应逆境能力的计划和政策。这项研究的翻译需要有效地准确传达科学内容。这篇综述首先讨论了整合用于描述和识别儿童期逆境及其结果的语言，以阐明神经发育研究结果的翻译。提出了一个综合术语，创伤和不良的儿童经历（TRACEs+），以及一个经过修订的不良儿童经历（ACEs）金字塔，强调了多种不良经历可能导致共同的结果，而多种结果可能源于共同的不良经历。这个术语促进了 ACEs 文献与围绕创伤性不良儿童经历对青年的神经发育知识之间的联系，这些知识涉及青年样本中神经连接的已知和未知。探讨了神经科学发现如何直接或间接地导致特定的干预技术或目标，以及这些关系的相互性质。使用现有的政策计划说明了神经科学在多个层面上对政策和干预的潜在影响，这些计划可能会受到（并为）神经科学的启发。跨学科模型的需要继续将科学推向行动，为这篇文章画上了句号。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2021 APA，保留所有权利）。
