Julie L. Self, Martha P. Montgomery, Karrie-Ann Toews, Temet M. McMichael, Grace E. Marx, Isaac Ghinai, and Emily Mosites are with Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Elizabeth A. Samuels is with the Rhode Island Department of Health, Providence. Elizabeth Imbert is with the University of California, San Francisco. Cortland Lohff is with the Southern Nevada Health District, Las Vegas. Tom Andrews is with Mercy Care of Atlanta.
Am J Public Health. 2021 May;111(5):854-859. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2021.306198. Epub 2021 Mar 18.
To examine shelter characteristics and infection prevention practices in relation to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection point prevalence during universal testing at homeless shelters in the United States. SARS-CoV-2 testing was offered to clients and staff at homeless shelters, irrespective of symptoms. Site assessments were conducted from March 30 to June 1, 2020, to collect information on shelter characteristics and infection prevention practices. We assessed the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection prevalence and shelter characteristics, including 20 infection prevention practices by using crude risk ratios (RRs) and exact unconditional 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Site assessments and SARS-CoV-2 testing results were reported for 63 homeless shelters in 7 US urban areas. Median infection prevalence was 2.9% (range = 0%-71.4%). Shelters implementing head-to-toe sleeping and excluding symptomatic staff from working were less likely to have high infection prevalence (RR = 0.5; 95% CI = 0.3, 0.8; and RR = 0.5; 95% CI = 0.4, 0.6; respectively); shelters with medical services available were less likely to have very high infection prevalence (RR = 0.5; 95% CI = 0.2, 1.0). Sleeping arrangements and staffing policies are modifiable factors that might be associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection prevalence in homeless shelters. Shelters should follow recommended practices to reduce the risk of SARS-CoV-2 transmission.
为了研究美国无家可归者收容所普遍检测期间与严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）感染点患病率相关的收容所特征和感染预防措施。对无家可归者收容所的客户和工作人员进行了 SARS-CoV-2 检测，无论症状如何。2020 年 3 月 30 日至 6 月 1 日进行了现场评估，以收集有关收容所特征和感染预防措施的信息。我们评估了 SARS-CoV-2 感染流行率与收容所特征之间的关系，包括 20 种感染预防措施，使用粗风险比（RR）和确切无条件 95%置信区间（CI）。报告了美国 7 个城市地区 63 个无家可归者收容所的现场评估和 SARS-CoV-2 检测结果。中位感染流行率为 2.9%（范围为 0%-71.4%）。实施从头到脚睡觉且将有症状的工作人员排除在工作之外的收容所，其高感染流行率的可能性较低（RR=0.5；95%CI=0.3，0.8；和 RR=0.5；95%CI=0.4，0.6）；提供医疗服务的收容所，其非常高的感染流行率的可能性较低（RR=0.5；95%CI=0.2，1.0）。睡眠安排和人员配备政策是可能与无家可归者收容所 SARS-CoV-2 感染流行率相关的可改变因素。收容所应遵循建议的做法，以降低 SARS-CoV-2 传播的风险。
