Ouriel K, Green R M, DeWeese J A
Department of Surgery, University of Rochester, NY 14642.
J Vasc Surg. 1988 Jun;7(6):774-7. doi: 10.1067/mva.1988.avs0070774.
Primitive embryonic anastomotic vessels between the internal carotid and basilar arterial systems occasionally persist into adult life. We encountered six such patients in a series of 765 carotid endarterectomies (0.8%). These arteries are named for the cranial nerves with which they run. The most commonly found vessel is the trigeminal artery, followed by the hypoglossal and proatlantal intersegmental arteries. The primitive otic artery is the rarest of the four anomalous vessels. These vessels are usually large and are associated with hypoplasia or aplasia of the normal intracranial anastomotic channels. Cerebral ischemia is common during temporary intraoperative carotid occlusion and was encountered in two of three patients who had intraoperative electroencephalographic monitoring. Thus cerebral ischemia should be anticipated during carotid cross-clamping and cerebral protective measures should be instituted when persistent primitive cranial vessels are encountered.
颈内动脉和基底动脉系统之间的原始胚胎吻合血管偶尔会持续存在至成年期。在765例颈动脉内膜切除术系列中，我们遇到了6例这样的患者（0.8%）。这些动脉以与其伴行的颅神经命名。最常见的血管是三叉动脉，其次是舌下动脉和寰椎前节段间动脉。原始耳动脉是这四种异常血管中最罕见的。这些血管通常较大，并且与正常颅内吻合通道的发育不全或发育异常有关。术中临时阻断颈动脉期间脑缺血很常见，在接受术中脑电图监测的3例患者中有2例出现了这种情况。因此，在颈动脉交叉钳夹期间应预计到脑缺血，当遇到持续存在的原始颅血管时应采取脑保护措施。
