Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Science (EA 7424), Univ Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, 27-29 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
INSA Lyon, Ampère (UMR5005), Univ Lyon, 25 av. Jean Capelle ouest, 69621, Villeurbanne Cedex, France.
BMC Surg. 2021 Mar 18;21(1):139. doi: 10.1186/s12893-021-01128-z.
There is a general agreement upon the importance of acquiring laparoscopic skills outside the operation room through simulation-based training. However, high-fidelity simulators are cost-prohibitive and elicit a high cognitive load, while low-fidelity simulators lack effective feedback. This paper describes a low-fidelity simulator bridging the existing gaps with affine velocity as a new assessment variable. Primary validation results are also presented.
Psycho-motor skills and engineering key features have been considered e.g. haptic feedback and complementary assessment variables. Seventy-seven participants tested the simulator (17 expert surgeons, 12 intermediates, 28 inexperienced interns, and 20 novices). The content validity was tested with a 10-point Likert scale and the discriminative power by comparing the four groups' performance over two sessions.
Participants rated the simulator positively, from 7.25 to 7.72 out of 10 (mean, 7.57). Experts and intermediates performed faster with fewer errors (collisions) than inexperienced interns and novices. The affine velocity brought additional differentiations, especially between interns and novices.
This affordable haptic simulator makes it possible to learn and train laparoscopic techniques. Self-assessment of basic skills was easily performed with slight additional cost compared to low-fidelity simulators. It could be a good trade-off among the products currently used for surgeons' training.
人们普遍认为，通过基于模拟的培训在手术室之外获得腹腔镜技能非常重要。然而，高保真模拟器成本高昂且认知负荷大，而低保真模拟器则缺乏有效反馈。本文描述了一种低保真模拟器，它通过仿射速度作为新的评估变量来弥补现有差距。同时还介绍了初步的验证结果。
考虑了心理运动技能和工程关键特征，例如触觉反馈和补充评估变量。77 名参与者测试了该模拟器（17 名专家外科医生、12 名中级医生、28 名无经验的住院医生和 20 名新手）。使用 10 分制的李克特量表测试内容有效性，并通过比较四个组在两个会话中的表现来测试区分力。
参与者对模拟器的评价非常积极，评分为 10 分制的 7.25 到 7.72 分（平均值为 7.57）。专家和中级医生的速度比无经验的住院医生和新手更快，错误（碰撞）也更少。仿射速度带来了额外的区分度，尤其是在住院医生和新手之间。
这种价格实惠的触觉模拟器可以帮助学习和训练腹腔镜技术。与低保真模拟器相比，它只需增加一点额外成本，就可以轻松进行基本技能的自我评估。对于目前用于外科医生培训的产品而言，它可能是一个很好的权衡选择。
