Yoshida Akihiro, Bouziane Amal, Erraji Samir, Lakhdar Leila, Rhissassi Meryem, Miyazaki Hideo, Ansai Toshihiro, Iwasaki Masanori, Ennibi Oumkeltoum
Department of Oral Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Japan.
Department of Periodontology, School of Medicine Dentistry, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco.
Jpn Dent Sci Rev. 2021 Nov;57:20-26. doi: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2020.12.001. Epub 2021 Feb 20.
Aggressive periodontitis (AgP) is a form of periodontitis that affects adolescents and has a significantly higher prevalence in individuals of African descent. AgP typically shows familial aggregation, suggesting a genetic predisposition. Young age, good health status, rapid attachment loss, and familial aggregation are the primary features of this disease. AgP has been closely linked to specific bacterial strains of . strains isolated from patients with AgP produce leukotoxin (LtxA), which specifically affects polymorphonuclear leukocytes in primates, especially humans. High-throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing and bioinformatics analyses revealed differences in the subgingival microbiota between patients with AgP and those with chronic periodontitis (ChP). The genera and show increased prevalences in AgP than in ChP. According to AgP susceptibility, several single nucleotide polymorphisms have been detected in different genes in individuals of African descent. Interleukin (IL)-1α and IL-1β genetic polymorphisms may be associated with the severity of both ChP and AgP. An elevated serum level of IL-17 produced by Th17 cells may be a characteristic of AgP. Analyses of the relationships among bacteria, host defenses, genetic predisposition, and numerous other factors are required to understand the progression of this disease.
侵袭性牙周炎（AgP）是一种影响青少年的牙周炎形式，在非洲裔个体中的患病率显著更高。AgP通常表现出家族聚集性，提示存在遗传易感性。年轻、健康状况良好、快速的附着丧失和家族聚集性是这种疾病的主要特征。AgP与特定的细菌菌株密切相关。从AgP患者分离出的菌株产生白细胞毒素（LtxA），它特异性地影响灵长类动物，尤其是人类的多形核白细胞。高通量16S rRNA基因测序和生物信息学分析揭示了AgP患者与慢性牙周炎（ChP）患者龈下微生物群的差异。与ChP相比，AgP中某些菌属的患病率增加。根据AgP易感性，在非洲裔个体的不同基因中检测到了几种单核苷酸多态性。白细胞介素（IL）-1α和IL-1β基因多态性可能与ChP和AgP的严重程度有关。Th17细胞产生的血清IL-17水平升高可能是AgP的一个特征。需要分析细菌、宿主防御、遗传易感性和许多其他因素之间的关系，以了解这种疾病的进展。
