Department of Otolaryngology, Zhangjiagang Hospital Affiliated to Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Department of Otolaryngology, Fifth People Hospital of Zhangjiagang City, Suzhou, China.
Adv Ther. 2021 May;38(5):2315-2322. doi: 10.1007/s12325-021-01686-x. Epub 2021 Mar 19.
To evaluate the efficacy and safety of sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) with standardized Dermatophagoides farinae (Df) drops in monosensitized and polysensitized patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) and to analyze the adverse events (AEs).
A retrospective analysis was performed using data for 68 patients with AR who received SLIT. The patients were divided into a monosensitized group (36 cases) and a polysensitized group (32 cases) based on serum-specific IgE test results. In the two groups of patients, total nasal symptoms score (TNSS), total medication score (TMS), visual analog scale (VAS) score, and AEs before treatment and at 1, 3, 6, and 12 months of treatment were evaluated.
Compared with that before treatment, the TNSS, TMS, and VAS score in the monosensitized and polysensitized groups all decreased significantly at 3, 6, and 12 months of SLIT (all P < 0.05). There were no significant differences in treatment efficacy indicators between the two groups at all treatment time points (all P > 0.05). In terms of safety, compared with 1 month after initiating SLIT, the incidence of AEs in the monosensitized and polysensitized groups at 6 and 12 months of treatment significantly decreased (all P < 0.05). There was a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of AEs in both groups at 6 months compared with 3 months of treatment (χ = 1.92 and 5.85, respectively, all P < 0.05). The difference in incidence of AEs between the monosensitized and polysensitized groups was not statistically significant at any treatment time point (all P > 0.05). AEs in all patients were local mild reactions; no serious AEs were found.
SLIT with standardized Df drops has similar efficacy and safety for monosensitized and polysensitized patients with AR. AEs mostly occurred during the first 3 months of SLIT in both the monosensitized and polysensitized groups, and the incidence of AEs gradually decreased as the course of treatment extended.
评估标准化屋尘螨滴剂舌下免疫治疗（SLIT）对过敏性鼻炎（AR）单敏和多敏患者的疗效和安全性，并分析不良反应（AE）。
对 68 例接受 SLIT 的 AR 患者的数据进行回顾性分析。根据血清特异性 IgE 检测结果，将患者分为单敏组（36 例）和多敏组（32 例）。在两组患者中，评估治疗前和治疗后 1、3、6 和 12 个月的总鼻部症状评分（TNSS）、总用药评分（TMS）、视觉模拟评分（VAS）和 AE。
与治疗前相比，单敏组和多敏组在 SLIT 治疗 3、6 和 12 个月时 TNSS、TMS 和 VAS 评分均显著降低（均 P<0.05）。在所有治疗时间点，两组患者的治疗效果指标均无显著差异（均 P>0.05）。安全性方面，与 SLIT 开始后 1 个月相比，单敏组和多敏组在治疗 6 和 12 个月时 AE 的发生率显著降低（均 P<0.05）。与治疗 3 个月相比，两组在治疗 6 个月时 AE 的发生率均显著降低（χ²值分别为 1.92 和 5.85，均 P<0.05）。单敏组和多敏组在任何治疗时间点的 AE 发生率差异均无统计学意义（均 P>0.05）。所有患者的 AE 均为局部轻度反应，未发现严重 AE。
标准化屋尘螨滴剂舌下免疫治疗对 AR 的单敏和多敏患者具有相似的疗效和安全性。AE 主要发生在 SLIT 治疗的前 3 个月，在单敏和多敏组中，随着治疗过程的延长，AE 的发生率逐渐降低。
