Malakoutikhah Mahdi, Rabiei Hadiseh, Hassanipour Soheil, Jahangiri Mehdi
Student Research Committee, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Department of Occupational Health Engineering, School of Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Iran J Public Health. 2021 Feb;50(2):257-270. doi: 10.18502/ijph.v50i2.5338.
Unsafe behaviors are the cause of 80% of accidents. However, there has also been no worldwide review and meta-analysis of the prevalence of workers' unsafe behaviors. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate and estimate the prevalence of unsafe behaviors among Iranian workers using a systematic review and meta-analysis study.
This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted from Nov to Dec 2018. The researchers searched Medline/PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Science Direct, and Google Scholar for international articles and four Iranian databases (Scientific Information Database, MagIran, IranMedex, and IranDoc) for Persian articles. The method of reporting this study was based on the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) checklist.
Overall, 235 articles from databases were imported to EndNote library. Final screening of the included studies produced a total of 38 studies. Based on the random-effect model, the prevalence of total unsafe behaviors, nonuse or inappropriate use of personal protective equipment, and inappropriate work posture was 40.37% (CI 95% = 35.8-44.9), 27.79% (CI 95% = 21.2-34.3), and 14.87% (CI 95% = 10.7-18.9). There was no statistically significant relationship between unsafe behaviors and mean age, mean of work experiences, and year of study.
The prevalence of unsafe behaviors among Iranian workers was relatively high and the most common behaviors were non-use or inappropriate use of PPE; one of the most important causes for this behavior is lack of training, inappropriate working conditions, and lack of positive attitude towards safety. Therefore, further studied are required to investigate the causes of these unsafe behaviors.
不安全行为是80%事故的起因。然而，目前尚未有对全球范围内工人不安全行为发生率的综述和荟萃分析。因此，本研究旨在通过系统综述和荟萃分析来调查和估计伊朗工人中不安全行为的发生率。
本系统综述和荟萃分析于2018年11月至12月进行。研究人员在Medline/PubMed、Scopus、Embase、Science Direct和谷歌学术搜索国际文献，并在四个伊朗数据库（科学信息数据库、MagIran、IranMedex和IranDoc）搜索波斯语文献。本研究的报告方法基于PRISMA（系统综述和荟萃分析的首选报告项目）清单。
总体而言，从数据库中导入EndNote库的文章有235篇。对纳入研究的最终筛选共产生38项研究。基于随机效应模型，总体不安全行为、个人防护装备未使用或使用不当以及工作姿势不当的发生率分别为40.37%（95%CI = 35.8 - 44.9）、27.79%（95%CI = 21.2 - 34.3）和14.87%（95%CI = 10.7 - 18.9）。不安全行为与平均年龄、平均工作经验和研究年份之间无统计学显著关系。
伊朗工人中不安全行为的发生率相对较高，最常见的行为是个人防护装备未使用或使用不当；导致这种行为的最重要原因之一是缺乏培训、工作条件不当以及对安全缺乏积极态度。因此，需要进一步研究这些不安全行为的原因。
