Department of Neurosurgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P.R. China.
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Changsha, P.R. China.
Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2021 Mar 23;6(1):124. doi: 10.1038/s41392-021-00491-w.
Glioblastoma is the most malignant tumor occurring in the human central nervous system with overall median survival time <14.6 months. Current treatments such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy cannot reach an optimal remission since tumor resistance to therapy remains a challenge. Glioblastoma stem cells are considered to be responsible for tumor resistance in treating glioblastoma. Previous studies reported two subtypes, proneural and mesenchymal, of glioblastoma stem cells manifesting different sensitivity to radiotherapy or chemotherapy. Mesenchymal glioblastoma stem cells, as well as tumor cells generate from which, showed resistance to radiochemotherapies. Besides, two metabolic patterns, glutamine or glucose dependent, of mesenchymal glioblastoma stem cells also manifested different sensitivity to radiochemotherapies. Glutamine dependent mesenchymal glioblastoma stem cells are more sensitive to radiotherapy than glucose-dependent ones. Therefore, the transition between proneural and mesenchymal subtypes, or between glutamine-dependent and glucose-dependent, might lead to tumor resistance to radiochemotherapies. Moreover, neural stem cells were also hypothesized to participate in glioblastoma stem cells mediated tumor resistance to radiochemotherapies. In this review, we summarized the basic characteristics, adaptive transition and implications of glioblastoma stem cells in glioblastoma therapy.
胶质母细胞瘤是人类中枢神经系统中最恶性的肿瘤,总中位生存时间<14.6 个月。目前的治疗方法,如化疗和放疗,由于肿瘤对治疗的耐药性仍然是一个挑战,无法达到最佳缓解。胶质母细胞瘤干细胞被认为是导致胶质母细胞瘤治疗耐药的原因。先前的研究报告了胶质母细胞瘤干细胞的两种亚型,即神经前体细胞型和间质型,表现出对放疗或化疗的不同敏感性。间质型胶质母细胞瘤干细胞以及由此产生的肿瘤细胞对放化疗均表现出耐药性。此外,间质型胶质母细胞瘤干细胞存在两种代谢模式,即谷氨酰胺依赖型或葡萄糖依赖型,对放化疗的敏感性也不同。谷氨酰胺依赖型间质型胶质母细胞瘤干细胞比葡萄糖依赖型对放疗更敏感。因此,神经前体细胞型和间质型之间,或谷氨酰胺依赖型和葡萄糖依赖型之间的转换,可能导致肿瘤对放化疗的耐药性。此外,神经干细胞也被假设参与胶质母细胞瘤干细胞介导的对放化疗的肿瘤耐药。在这篇综述中,我们总结了胶质母细胞瘤干细胞在胶质母细胞瘤治疗中的基本特征、适应性转化及其意义。