University of Missouri, Department of Psychological Sciences, 200 S 7th Street, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
University of Missouri, Department of Psychological Sciences, 200 S 7th Street, Columbia, MO 65211, USA.
Addict Behav. 2021 Jul;118:106901. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2021.106901. Epub 2021 Mar 8.
Unplanned drinking, or drinking that violates intentions, has been linked to significant alcohol-related consequences; however, little is known about what factors within individuals' daily lives predict whether unplanned drinking occurs. This study examines the influence of daily-life impulsivity, alcohol craving, and interpersonal contexts on unplanned drinking.
Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) data were collected from 32 moderate drinkers. Participants were prompted six times per day for up to 21 days. Each morning participants reported whether they planned to drink that day. Multilevel and GEE models predicted drinking behaviors on days without intent to drink from daily-life interpersonal contexts, and pre-drinking ratings of impulsivity and craving.
Spending time in a bar and spending relatively more time with other people on days with no intention to drink was associated with drinking. Individuals who experienced higher craving prior to drinking were relatively more likely to engage in unplanned drinking. When participants reported relatively greater difficulties with premeditation, they were more likely to subsequently report initiating an unplanned drinking episode. Results also suggest that individuals generally higher on negative urgency may be less likely to engage in unplanned drinking but drink more when they do.
These results indicate the influence of daily-life contexts, craving, and impulsivity on unplanned drinking behavior. We highlight several possible avenues for intervention and prevention efforts including modifying social and interpersonal environments, screening for craving patterns, and targeting cognitive deficits in planning.
无计划饮酒，即违反饮酒意图的饮酒行为，与重大的酒精相关后果有关；然而，人们对个体日常生活中的哪些因素会预测无计划饮酒的发生知之甚少。本研究探讨了日常生活冲动性、酒精渴求感和人际环境对无计划饮酒的影响。
从 32 名中度饮酒者那里收集了生态瞬间评估（EMA）数据。参与者每天最多被提示 6 次，持续 21 天。每天早上，参与者报告他们当天是否计划饮酒。多水平和广义估计方程模型预测了在无意图饮酒日的日常人际环境以及饮酒前冲动性和渴求感的评分对饮酒行为的影响。
在无意图饮酒日，在酒吧度过时间和与他人共度时间相对较多与饮酒有关。在饮酒前体验到较高渴求感的个体相对更有可能进行无计划饮酒。当参与者报告相对较大的冲动性前计划性困难时，他们更有可能随后报告开始无计划饮酒事件。结果还表明，一般来说，负性冲动性较高的个体可能不太可能进行无计划饮酒，但当他们饮酒时，饮酒量可能更多。
这些结果表明日常生活环境、渴求感和冲动性对无计划饮酒行为的影响。我们强调了几种可能的干预和预防措施的途径，包括改变社交和人际环境、筛查渴求模式以及针对计划方面的认知缺陷。
