新西兰 2003 年和 2019 年两项横断面研究中针对妇女的身体和性亲密伴侣暴力的流行率变化。
Change in prevalence rates of physical and sexual intimate partner violence against women: data from two cross-sectional studies in New Zealand, 2003 and 2019.
机构信息
School of Population Health, The University of Auckland Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Auckland, New Zealand
School of Population Health, The University of Auckland Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Auckland, New Zealand.
出版信息
BMJ Open. 2021 Mar 23;11(3):e044907. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044907.
OBJECTIVES
To explore changes in reported prevalence of physical and sexual intimate partner violence (IPV) between 2003 and 2019. The impact of sociodemographic differences between the two samples and between group differences were also examined. Changes in attitudes supportive of violence and in help-seeking behaviour following disclosure were also explored.
DESIGN
Two cross-sectional studies.
SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS
Cross-sectional studies on family violence conducted in New Zealand in 2003 and 2019. Ever-partnered female respondents aged 18-64 years old were included (2003 n=2674, 2019 n=944).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Prevalence rates of lifetime and past 12-month physical and sexual IPV, attitudes towards gender roles and acceptability of a man hitting his wife, help sought and received following disclosure were compared between the study years.
RESULTS
Lifetime prevalence of physical IPV was unchanged between 2003 and 2019 (AOR=0.89; 95% CI 0.73 to 1.08). There was a significant decrease in the proportion of women who reported experiencing 12-month physical IPV (AOR=0.53; 95% CI 0.29 to 0.97). Small reductions in rates for lifetime sexual IPV were also observed (AOR=0.74; 95% CI 0.59 to 0.95). In 2019, fewer women agreed with one or more statements supportive of traditional gender roles (48.1% (95% CI 45.7% to 50.5%) in 2003; 38.4% (95% CI 33.8% to 43.2%) in 2019). A significant decrease was noted in the proportion of women who sought help from informal sources (from 71.3% (95% CI 68.1% to 74.2%) in 2003 to 64.6% (95% CI 58.7% to 70.1%) in 2019). No significant changes in seeking help from formal sources, or perceived helpfulness from any source were noted.
CONCLUSION
While the reductions in 12-month physical and lifetime sexual IPV are positive, prevention efforts need to be established, maintained and strengthened to address the substantial lifetime prevalence of IPV. Efforts to strengthen responses from formal and informal sources continue to be needed.
目的
探讨 2003 年至 2019 年间身体和性亲密伴侣暴力（IPV）报告流行率的变化。还检查了两个样本之间的社会人口统计学差异和组间差异的影响。还探讨了对暴力的支持态度以及披露后的求助行为的变化。
设计
两项横断面研究。
设置和参与者
2003 年和 2019 年在新西兰进行的家庭暴力横断面研究。包括 18-64 岁的已婚女性受访者（2003 年 n=2674，2019 年 n=944）。
主要结果测量
比较了研究年份之间终生和过去 12 个月身体和性 IPV、性别角色态度和接受男性打妻子的可接受性、披露后的求助和获得帮助的情况。
结果
2003 年至 2019 年期间，身体 IPV 的终生患病率没有变化（AOR=0.89；95%CI 0.73 至 1.08）。报告经历 12 个月身体 IPV 的女性比例显著下降（AOR=0.53；95%CI 0.29 至 0.97）。终生性 IPV 的发生率也略有下降（AOR=0.74；95%CI 0.59 至 0.95）。2019 年，同意一项或多项支持传统性别角色的声明的女性比例减少（2003 年为 48.1%（95%CI 45.7%至 50.5%）；2019 年为 38.4%（95%CI 33.8%至 43.2%））。从 2003 年的 71.3%（95%CI 68.1%至 74.2%）降至 2019 年的 64.6%（95%CI 58.7%至 70.1%），注意到寻求非正式来源帮助的女性比例显著下降。从 2003 年的 71.3%（95%CI 68.1%至 74.2%）降至 2019 年的 64.6%（95%CI 58.7%至 70.1%），注意到寻求非正式来源帮助的女性比例显著下降。从 2003 年的 71.3%（95%CI 68.1%至 74.2%）降至 2019 年的 64.6%（95%CI 58.7%至 70.1%），注意到寻求非正式来源帮助的女性比例显著下降。从 2003 年的 71.3%（95%CI 68.1%至 74.2%）降至 2019 年的 64.6%（95%CI 58.7%至 70.1%），注意到寻求非正式来源帮助的女性比例显著下降。
结论
尽管 12 个月身体和终生性 IPV 的减少是积极的，但仍需要建立、维持和加强预防工作，以解决 IPV 的高终生流行率。继续需要努力加强来自正式和非正式来源的反应。
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