Geng Joy, Won Bo-Yeong, Carlisle Nancy
Center for Mind and Brain, University of California Davis, CA.
Department of Psychology, University of California Davis, CA.
Curr Dir Psychol Sci. 2019 Dec 1;28(6):600-606. doi: 10.1177/0963721419867099. Epub 2019 Sep 16.
Our sensory environments contain more information than we can processes and successful behaviors require the ability to separate task-relevant information from task-irrelevant information. While much research on attention has focused on the mechanisms that result in selection of desired information, much less is known about how distracting information is ignored. Here we describe evidence that strategic, learned, and passive information can all contribute to better distractor ignoring. The evidence suggests that there are multiple ways in which distractor ignoring is supported that may be different than those of target selection. Future work will need to identify the mechanisms by which each source of information adjusts attentional priority such that irrelevant information is better ignored.
我们的感官环境所包含的信息超出了我们的处理能力，而成功的行为需要具备将与任务相关的信息和与任务无关的信息区分开来的能力。虽然对注意力的许多研究都集中在导致选择所需信息的机制上，但对于如何忽略干扰信息却知之甚少。在这里，我们描述了一些证据，表明策略性、习得性和被动性信息都有助于更好地忽略干扰物。证据表明，支持忽略干扰物的方式有多种，可能与目标选择的方式不同。未来的研究需要确定每种信息源调整注意力优先级的机制，以便更好地忽略无关信息。
