Unit of Andrology and Reproductive Medicine, Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Centre for Male Gamete Cryopreservation, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Unit of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Section of Physiopathology of Reproduction and IVF, Department of Surgical Sciences, S. Anna Hospital, University of Torino, Torino, Italy.
Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2021 Mar 8;12:643539. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2021.643539. eCollection 2021.
Infertility is an important health problem that affects up to 16% of couples worldwide. Male infertility is responsible for about 50% of the cases, and the various causes of male infertility may be classified in pre-testicular (for example hypothalamic diseases), testicular, and post-testicular (for example obstructive pathologies of seminal ducts) causes. Sexually transmitted infections (STI) are increasingly widely accepted by researchers and clinicians as etiological factors of male infertility. In particular, several recent reports have documented the presence of HPV in seminal fluid and observed that sperm infection can also be present in sexually active asymptomatic male and infertile patients. In this review, we aimed to perform a systematic review of the whole body of literature exploring the impact of HPV infection in natural and assisted fertility outcomes, from both an experimental and a clinical point of view. Starting from studies in animals up to studies in humans, we aimed to study and evaluate the weight of this infection as a possible cause of idiopathic infertility in males with any known cause of conception failure.
不育症是一个全球性的健康问题，影响着全球多达 16%的夫妇。男性不育症占了约 50%的病例，而男性不育症的各种原因可以分为睾丸前（例如下丘脑疾病）、睾丸内和睾丸后（例如精道梗阻性病变）原因。性传播感染（STI）越来越被研究人员和临床医生所接受，被认为是男性不育症的病因之一。特别是，最近有几项研究报告指出 HPV 存在于精液中，并观察到在有性行为但无症状的男性和不育患者中，精子也可能受到感染。在这篇综述中，我们旨在从实验和临床的角度对探讨 HPV 感染对自然和辅助生育结果的影响的所有文献进行系统回顾。从动物研究到人类研究，我们旨在研究和评估这种感染作为有任何已知受孕失败原因的男性特发性不育症的可能病因的重要性。
