St. Joseph's College, Irinjalakuda, Kerala, India.
Microbial Processes and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Trivandrum India.
Bioengineered. 2021 Dec;12(1):1040-1053. doi: 10.1080/21655979.2021.1902173.
The problem of plastic prevalence and associated pollution has grasped the entire planet drastically, putting all fields of science on the stake seeking remedies to this global havoc. To address this crisis, with a single remediation strategy is often found to be baseless, thereby much interest has been evoked in the development of multidisciplinary approaches - involving physico-chemical and biological strategies to nullify the aftermath of plastic pollution in all possible means. Even amidst, the availability of different approaches, the use of biological methods to combat plastic degradation has gained momentum. The most frequently used plastics appear in wide forms such as polyethylene plastic bags, polypropylene-based bottles, polyvinyl chloride pipes and polystyrene styrene cups. Plastic nicknamed as one of the toughest polymers viz. polycarbonate, acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) and Polydicyclopentadiene; quite often are called so as they resist degradation in normal environmental strategies. They are often degraded in non-hostile and harsh environments of pH, temperature, radiation etc. However, not always it is possible to create such harsh environments for plastic degradation. In such a scenario, the use of gut microbes that can withstand the harsh atmosphere of gut environment could serve as promising candidates for plastic biodegradation. The current article envisages the various gut microbes of various biological agents and their role in plastic remediation. The current review compiles the techniques available for plastic remediation, the microbial prospects of plastic remediation, its challenges, and possible breakthroughs to effective plastic remediation.
塑料污染问题已经严重影响到整个地球，迫使各个科学领域都在寻求解决这一全球性问题的方法。由于单一的治理策略往往被证明是不合理的，因此人们对开发涉及物理化学和生物策略的多学科方法产生了很大的兴趣，以期以各种可能的方式消除塑料污染的后果。即使有不同的方法可用，利用生物方法来对抗塑料降解也已经引起了关注。最常使用的塑料以各种形式出现，如聚乙烯塑料袋、聚丙烯瓶、聚氯乙烯管和聚苯乙烯杯。塑料被称为最难降解的聚合物之一，如聚碳酸酯、丙烯腈丁二烯苯乙烯（ABS）和聚环戊二烯，它们通常被称为难以降解的聚合物，因为它们在正常的环境策略中难以降解。它们通常在 pH 值、温度、辐射等非恶劣和恶劣的环境中降解。然而，并不总是有可能为塑料降解创造这样恶劣的环境。在这种情况下，使用能够承受肠道恶劣环境的肠道微生物可以作为塑料生物降解的有前途的候选物。本文旨在探讨各种生物制剂的肠道微生物及其在塑料修复中的作用。本综述总结了现有的塑料修复技术、微生物修复塑料的前景、挑战以及实现有效塑料修复的可能突破。
