MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics and Genomics, Division of Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
School of Biosciences, Dementia Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.
PLoS One. 2021 Mar 26;16(3):e0249189. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0249189. eCollection 2021.
Levels of activity are often affected in psychiatric disorders and can be core symptoms of illness. Advances in technology now allow the accurate assessment of activity levels but it remains unclear whether alterations in activity arise from shared risk factors for developing psychiatric disorders, such as genetics, or are better explained as consequences of the disorders and their associated factors. We aimed to examine objectively-measured physical activity in individuals with psychiatric disorders, and assess the role of genetic liability for psychiatric disorders on physical activity. Accelerometer data were available on 95,529 UK Biobank participants, including measures of overall mean activity and minutes per day of moderate activity, walking, sedentary activity, and sleep. Linear regressions measured associations between psychiatric diagnosis and activity levels, and polygenic risk scores (PRS) for psychiatric disorders and activity levels. Genetic correlations were calculated between psychiatric disorders and different types of activity. Having a diagnosis of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, depression, or autism spectrum disorders (ASD) was associated with reduced overall activity compared to unaffected controls. In individuals without a psychiatric disorder, reduced overall activity levels were associated with PRS for schizophrenia, depression, and ASD. ADHD PRS was associated with increased overall activity. Genetic correlations were consistent with PRS findings. Variation in physical activity is an important feature across psychiatric disorders. Whilst levels of activity are associated with genetic liability to psychiatric disorders to a very limited extent, the substantial differences in activity levels in those with psychiatric disorders most likely arise as a consequences of disorder-related factors.
活动水平在精神疾病中经常受到影响，并且可能是疾病的核心症状。技术的进步现在允许对活动水平进行准确评估，但仍不清楚活动水平的改变是源于发展为精神疾病的共同风险因素，如遗传因素，还是更好地解释为疾病及其相关因素的后果。我们旨在检查精神疾病个体的客观测量的身体活动，并评估精神疾病的遗传易感性对身体活动的作用。英国生物库的 95529 名参与者提供了加速度计数据，包括总体平均活动水平和每天中度活动、散步、久坐活动和睡眠的分钟数。线性回归测量了精神疾病诊断与活动水平之间的关联，以及精神疾病的多基因风险评分（PRS）与活动水平之间的关联。计算了精神疾病之间与不同类型活动的遗传相关性。与未受影响的对照组相比，精神分裂症、双相情感障碍、抑郁症或自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）的诊断与总体活动减少有关。在没有精神疾病的个体中，总体活动水平降低与精神分裂症、抑郁症和 ASD 的 PRS 相关。ADHD 的 PRS 与总体活动增加相关。遗传相关性与 PRS 结果一致。身体活动的变化是精神疾病的一个重要特征。虽然活动水平与精神疾病的遗传易感性有一定程度的关联，但精神疾病患者的活动水平存在显著差异，很可能是由于与疾病相关的因素造成的。
