Global Disease Biology, University of California Davis, Davis, USA.
Department of Chemistry, University of California Davis, Davis, USA.
Eur J Nutr. 2021 Oct;60(7):3727-3741. doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02539-7. Epub 2021 Mar 26.
Glycoproteomics deals with glycoproteins that are formed by post-translational modification when sugars (like fucose and sialic acid) are attached to protein. Glycosylation of proteins influences function, but whether glycosylation is altered by diet is unknown.
To evaluate the effect of consuming a diet based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans on circulating glycoproteins that have previously been associated with cardiometabolic diseases.
Forty-four women, with one or more metabolic syndrome characteristics, completed an 8-week randomized controlled feeding intervention (n = 22) consuming a diet based on the Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA 2010); the remaining consumed a 'typical American diet' (TAD, n = 22). Fasting serum samples were obtained at week0 (baseline) and week8 (post-intervention); 17 serum proteins were chosen for targeted analyses. Protein standards and serum samples were analyzed in a UHPLC-MS protocol to determine peptide concentration and their glycan (fucosylation or sialylation) profiles. Data at baseline were used in correlational analyses; change in proteins and glycans following intervention were used in non-parametric analyses.
At baseline, women with more metabolic syndrome characteristics had more fucosylation (total di-fucosylated proteins: p = 0.045) compared to women with a lesser number of metabolic syndrome characteristics. Dietary refined grain intake was associated with increased total fucosylation (ρ = - 0.530, p < 0.001) and reduced total sialylation (ρ = 0.311, p = 0.042). After the 8-week intervention, there was higher sialylation following the DGA diet (Total di-sialylated protein p = 0.018, poly-sialylated orosomucoid p = 0.012) compared to the TAD diet.
Based on this study, glycosylation of proteins is likely affected by dietary patterns; higher sialylation was associated with a healthier diet pattern. Altered glycosylation is associated with several diseases, particularly cancer and type 2 diabetes, and this study raises the possibility that diet may influence disease state by altering glycosylation.
NCT02298725 at clinicaltrials.gov; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02298725 .
糖基蛋白组学研究的是糖（如岩藻糖和唾液酸）与蛋白质结合时通过翻译后修饰形成的糖蛋白。蛋白质的糖基化会影响其功能，但饮食是否会改变糖基化尚不清楚。
评估基于《美国人饮食指南》的饮食对先前与代谢性心血管疾病相关的循环糖蛋白的影响。
44 名患有一种或多种代谢综合征特征的女性完成了为期 8 周的随机对照喂养干预（n=22），饮食基于《美国人饮食指南》（DGA 2010）；其余的人则食用“典型的美国饮食”（TAD，n=22）。在第 0 周（基线）和第 8 周（干预后）采集禁食血清样本；选择了 17 种血清蛋白进行靶向分析。使用 UHPLC-MS 方案分析蛋白质标准品和血清样本，以确定肽浓度及其聚糖（岩藻糖基化或唾液酸化）谱。在基线时使用数据进行相关性分析；干预后蛋白质和聚糖的变化使用非参数分析。
在基线时，具有更多代谢综合征特征的女性的岩藻糖基化程度更高（总二岩藻糖基化蛋白：p=0.045），与具有较少代谢综合征特征的女性相比。饮食中精制谷物的摄入量与总岩藻糖基化增加（ρ=-0.530，p<0.001）和总唾液酸化减少有关（ρ=0.311，p=0.042）。经过 8 周的干预，DGA 饮食后唾液酸化程度更高（总二唾液酸化蛋白 p=0.018，多唾液酸化粘蛋白 p=0.012）。
基于这项研究，蛋白质的糖基化可能受饮食模式的影响；更高的唾液酸化与更健康的饮食模式有关。糖基化的改变与多种疾病有关，特别是癌症和 2 型糖尿病，这项研究提出了饮食可能通过改变糖基化来影响疾病状态的可能性。
NCT02298725 在 clinicaltrials.gov 上；https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT02298725 。
