基于膳食指南的饮食对伴有心血管代谢危险因素女性血管健康和 TMAO 的影响。

Effects of a diet based on the Dietary Guidelines on vascular health and TMAO in women with cardiometabolic risk factors.

机构信息

USDA-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Nutrition, University of California-Davis, Davis, CA, USA.

USDA-Western Human Nutrition Research Center, Davis, CA, USA.

出版信息

Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2022 Jan;32(1):210-219. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.09.013. Epub 2021 Sep 20.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

Recent evidence links trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) to endothelial dysfunction, an early indicator of cardiovascular disease. We aimed to determine whether short-term consumption of a diet patterned after the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) would affect endothelial function, plasma TMAO concentrations, and cardiovascular disease risk, differently than a typical American Diet (TAD).

METHODS AND RESULTS

An 8-wk controlled feeding trial was conducted in overweight/obese women pre-screened for insulin resistance and/or dyslipidemia. Women were randomized to a DGA or TAD group (n = 22/group). At wk0 (pre-intervention) and wk8 (post-intervention) vascular age was calculated; endothelial function (reactive hyperemia index (RHI)) and augmentation index (AI@75) were measured using EndoPAT, and plasma TMAO was measured by LC-MS/MS. Vascular age was reduced in DGA at wk8 compared to wk0 but TAD wk8 was not different from wk0 (DGA wk0: 54.2 ± 4.0 vs. wk8: 50.5 ± 3.1 (p = 0.05), vs. TAD wk8: 47.7 ± 2.3). Plasma TMAO concentrations, RHI, and AI@75 were not different between groups or weeks.

CONCLUSION

Consumption of a diet based on the 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans for 8 weeks did not improve endothelial function or reduce plasma TMAO. CLINICALTRIALS.GOV: NCT02298725.

背景与目的

最近的证据表明三甲胺氧化物（TMAO）与内皮功能障碍有关，内皮功能障碍是心血管疾病的早期指标。我们旨在确定，与典型的美国饮食（TAD）相比，遵循 2010 年美国饮食指南（DGA）模式的短期饮食是否会对内皮功能、血浆 TMAO 浓度和心血管疾病风险产生不同的影响。

方法和结果

在超重/肥胖的女性中进行了一项为期 8 周的对照喂养试验，这些女性预先筛选出胰岛素抵抗和/或血脂异常。女性被随机分配到 DGA 或 TAD 组（每组 22 人）。在第 0 周（干预前）和第 8 周（干预后）计算血管年龄；使用 EndoPAT 测量内皮功能（反应性充血指数（RHI））和增强指数（AI@75），并通过 LC-MS/MS 测量血浆 TMAO。与第 0 周相比，DGA 组在第 8 周的血管年龄降低，但 TAD 组第 8 周与第 0 周没有差异（DGA 第 0 周：54.2±4.0 vs. 第 8 周：50.5±3.1（p=0.05），TAD 第 8 周：47.7±2.3）。各组和各周之间的血浆 TMAO 浓度、RHI 和 AI@75 均无差异。