Laboratory for Advanced Separation Technologies, Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA; email:
Tolmar Inc., Fort Collins, Colorado 80524, USA.
Annu Rev Anal Chem (Palo Alto Calif). 2021 Jul 27;14(1):257-279. doi: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-091520-052742.
Field-flow fractionation (FFF) is a family of techniques that was created especially for separating and characterizing macromolecules, nanoparticles, and micrometer-sized analytes. It is coming of age as new nanomaterials, polymers, composites, and biohybrids with remarkable properties are introduced and new analytical challenges arise due to synthesis heterogeneities and the motivation to correlate analyte properties with observed performance. Appreciation of the complexity of biological, pharmaceutical, and food systems and the need to monitor multiple components across many size scales have also contributed to FFF's growth. This review highlights recent advances in FFF capabilities, instrumentation, and applications that feature the unique characteristics of different FFF techniques in determining a variety of information, such as averages and distributions in size, composition, shape, architecture, and microstructure and in investigating transformations and function.
场流分离（FFF）是一组专门用于分离和表征大分子、纳米颗粒和微米级分析物的技术。随着具有显著性能的新型纳米材料、聚合物、复合材料和生物杂化材料的出现，以及由于合成异质性和将分析物性质与观察到的性能相关联的动机而带来的新的分析挑战，FFF 技术逐渐成熟。对生物、制药和食品系统复杂性的认识以及对跨多个尺寸范围监测多个成分的需求也促进了 FFF 的发展。本综述重点介绍了 FFF 在能力、仪器和应用方面的最新进展，这些进展突出了不同 FFF 技术在确定各种信息方面的独特特性，例如大小、组成、形状、结构和微观结构的平均值和分布，以及在研究转化和功能方面。
