Abdolmaleki Hamed, Kidmose Preben, Agarwala Shweta
Department of Engineering, Aarhus University, Finlandsgade 22, Aarhus, 8200, Denmark.
Adv Mater. 2021 May;33(20):e2006792. doi: 10.1002/adma.202006792. Epub 2021 Mar 26.
Printed electronics (PE) is an emerging technology that uses functional inks to print electrical components and circuits on variety of substrates. This technology has opened up new possibilities to fabricate flexible, bendable, and form-fitting devices at low-cost and fast speed. There are different printing technologies in use, among which droplet-based techniques are of great interest as they provide the possibility of printing computer-controlled design patterns with high resolution, and greater production flexibility. Nanomaterial inks form the heart of this technology, enabling different functionalities. To this end, intensive research has been carried out on formulating inks with conductive, semiconductive, magnetic, piezoresistive, and piezoelectric properties. Here, a detailed landscape view on different droplet-based printing technologies (inkjet, aerosol jet, and electrohydrodynamic jet) is provided, with comprehensive discussion on their working principals. This is followed by a detailed research overview of different functional inks (metal, carbon, polymer, and ceramic). Different sintering methods and common substrates being used in printed electronics are also discussed, followed by an in-depth review of different physical sensors fabricated by droplet-based techniques. Finally, the challenges facing the field are considered and a perspective on possible ways to overcome them is provided.
印刷电子（PE）是一项新兴技术，它使用功能性墨水在各种基板上印刷电子元件和电路。这项技术为以低成本和快速的速度制造柔性、可弯曲和贴合形状的设备开辟了新的可能性。目前正在使用不同的印刷技术，其中基于液滴的技术备受关注，因为它们提供了以高分辨率印刷计算机控制设计图案的可能性，并且具有更大的生产灵活性。纳米材料墨水是这项技术的核心，可实现不同的功能。为此，人们对配制具有导电、半导电、磁性、压阻和压电特性的墨水进行了深入研究。在此，提供了关于不同基于液滴的印刷技术（喷墨、气溶胶喷射和电流体动力喷射）的详细全景视图，并对其工作原理进行了全面讨论。随后是对不同功能墨水（金属、碳、聚合物和陶瓷）的详细研究概述。还讨论了印刷电子中使用的不同烧结方法和常见基板，接着深入回顾了通过基于液滴的技术制造的不同物理传感器。最后，考虑了该领域面临的挑战，并提供了关于克服这些挑战的可能方法的展望。
