Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor MI; Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor MI.
Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, Ann Arbor MI.
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2021 Jun;121(6):1115-1124. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2021.01.025. Epub 2021 Mar 24.
College students experience a disproportionately high prevalence of both food insecurity and eating disorders. Food insecurity is associated with stress, irregular eating patterns, weight change, depression, and body dissatisfaction, making it a possible risk factor for the onset of eating disorders. However, the association between food insecurity and eating disorders among college students is not well understood.
This study explored the relation between food insecurity and screening positive for an eating disorder among students attending a large, public Midwestern university.
Cross-sectional data were collected using an online survey administered from March through June 2018.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Participants were recruited from a random sample of 2,000 students, with oversampling from the following groups: racial/ethnic minorities, first-generation students, and students from lower-income households. Of those sampled, 851 students (43%) responded. The final analytic sample comprised 804 students after excluding those with missing data.
The validated 5-item Sick, Control, One stone, Fat, Food (SCOFF) questionnaire was used to screen for the presence of an eating disorder.
Poisson regression was used to model prevalence ratios for positive SCOFF screens (≥2 affirmative responses) by levels of food security (ie, high, marginal, low, or very low). Models were adjusted for sex, age, race/ethnicity, degree type, financial aid, and first-generation student status.
Compared to students with high food security, a higher prevalence of positive SCOFF screens was found among students with marginal food security (prevalence ratio [PR], 1.83, 95% CI 1.26 to 2.65; P = 0.001), low food security (PR 1.72, 95% CI 1.16 to 2.54; P = 0.007), and very low food security (PR 2.83, 95% CI 2.01 to 3.97; P < .0001).
Students with food insecurity at any level were more likely to screen positive for an eating disorder via the SCOFF questionnaire. Prospective studies are needed to determine whether food insecurity is a risk factor for the onset of eating disorders among college students.
大学生中，食物不安全和饮食失调的发生率都极高，不成比例。食物不安全与压力、不规律的饮食模式、体重变化、抑郁和身体不满有关，这使其成为饮食失调发病的一个潜在危险因素。然而，大学生中食物不安全与饮食失调之间的关系还不太清楚。
本研究旨在探讨在一所大型公立中西部大学就读的学生中，食物不安全与筛查出饮食障碍之间的关系。
2018 年 3 月至 6 月期间，通过在线调查收集横断面数据。
参与者/设置：从 2000 名学生中随机抽取样本，对以下群体进行了超额抽样：少数族裔、第一代学生和来自低收入家庭的学生。在抽样的学生中，有 851 名（43%）做出了回应。在排除了缺失数据的学生后，最终分析样本包括 804 名学生。
采用经过验证的 5 项厌食症筛查问卷（SCOFF）筛查饮食障碍的存在。
采用泊松回归模型，按食物安全程度（高、边缘、低或极低）分析阳性 SCOFF 筛查（≥2 项肯定回答）的患病率比。模型调整了性别、年龄、种族/民族、学位类型、经济援助和第一代学生身份。
与食物安全程度高的学生相比，食物安全程度边缘（优势比 [PR]，1.83，95%CI 1.26 至 2.65；P=0.001）、低（PR 1.72，95%CI 1.16 至 2.54；P=0.007）和极低（PR 2.83，95%CI 2.01 至 3.97；P<0.0001）的学生中，阳性 SCOFF 筛查的比例更高。
无论食物安全程度如何，食物不安全的学生更有可能通过 SCOFF 问卷筛查出饮食障碍。需要前瞻性研究来确定食物不安全是否是大学生饮食失调发病的一个危险因素。
