探索人体测量学、身体成分、成熟度与竞赛选拔之间的关系：一项针对青少年足球运动员的研究
Exploring Relationships Between Anthropometry, Body Composition, Maturation, and Selection for Competition: A Study in Youth Soccer Players.
作者信息
Clemente Filipe Manuel, Clark Cain C T, Leão César, Silva Ana Filipa, Lima Ricardo, Sarmento Hugo, Figueiredo António J, Rosemann Thomas, Knechtle Beat
机构信息
Escola Superior Desporto e Lazer, Instituto Politécnico de Viana do Castelo, Rua Escola Industrial e Comercial de Nun'Álvares, Viana do Castelo, Portugal.
Instituto de Telecomunicações, Delegação da Covilhã, Lisbon, Portugal.
出版信息
Front Physiol. 2021 Mar 11;12:651735. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.651735. eCollection 2021.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to analyze variations of selection for competition between late and early mature players and test the relationships between anthropometry, body composition, maturation, and selection for competition.
METHODS
Seventy-nine youth soccer players from under-11 to under-14 participated in this study, over 6 months. Body composition and maturity offset were estimated based on anthropometric data collected. Participants were also monitored for their number of matches as starters and time of play accrued in minutes.
RESULTS
Minutes played had large correlation coefficients with maturity offset ( = 0.58), and leg length and sitting height interaction ( = 0.56). Multiple linear regression explained 35% of the variation in minutes played ( < 0.001, = 0.41, = 0.35, RMSE = 334.8), but only 12% of the variation in matches as starter ( = 0.04, = 0.21, = 0.12, RMSE = 5.47) between above and below the median of the maturity offset was accounted for, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
Although maturation may play a role in the minutes of play accrued and matches as starters in young, it is not necessarily determining. A significant amount of the variation in the minutes of play accrued of players can be accounted for when considering body composition and anthropometric data.
目的
本研究旨在分析早熟与晚熟球员在比赛选拔中的差异，并测试人体测量学、身体成分、成熟度与比赛选拔之间的关系。
方法
79名11岁至14岁的青少年足球运动员参与了这项为期6个月以上的研究。根据收集到的人体测量数据估算身体成分和成熟度偏移。还对参与者作为首发球员的比赛场次和累计上场时间（以分钟计）进行了监测。
结果
上场时间与成熟度偏移（r = 0.58）以及腿长与坐高的交互作用（r = 0.56）具有较大的相关系数。多元线性回归解释了上场时间变化的35%（p < 0.001，R² = 0.41，F = 0.35，RMSE = 334.8），但在成熟度偏移中位数以上和以下之间，作为首发球员的比赛场次变化中只有12%得到了解释（p = 0.04，R² = 0.21，F = 0.12，RMSE = 5.47）。
结论
虽然成熟度可能在青少年的上场时间和作为首发球员的比赛中起作用，但不一定是决定性的。在考虑身体成分和人体测量数据时，可以解释球员上场时间变化的很大一部分。
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