Sugiyama Shunsuke, Ohi Kazutaka, Kuramitsu Ayumi, Takai Kentaro, Muto Yukimasa, Taniguchi Tomoya, Kinukawa Tomoaki, Takeuchi Nobuyuki, Motomura Eishi, Nishihara Makoto, Shioiri Toshiki, Inui Koji
Department of Psychiatry, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu, Japan.
Department of Anesthesiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan.
Front Psychiatry. 2021 Mar 11;12:644541. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.644541. eCollection 2021.
Sensory processing is disrupted in several psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and autism spectrum disorder. In this review, we focus on the electrophysiological auditory steady-state response (ASSR) driven by high-frequency stimulus trains as an index for disease-associated sensory processing deficits. The ASSR amplitude is suppressed within the gamma band (≥30 Hz) among these patients, suggesting an imbalance between GABAergic and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-mediated neurotransmission. The reduced power and synchronization of the 40-Hz ASSR are robust in patients with schizophrenia. In recent years, similar ASSR deficits at gamma frequencies have also been reported in patients with bipolar disorder and autism spectrum disorder. We summarize ASSR abnormalities in each of these psychiatric disorders and suggest that the observed commonalities reflect shared pathophysiological mechanisms. We reviewed studies on phase resetting in which a salient sensory stimulus affects ASSR. Phase resetting induces the reduction of both the amplitude and phase of ASSR. Moreover, phase resetting is also affected by rare auditory stimulus patterns or superimposed stimuli of other modalities. Thus, sensory memory and multisensory integration can be investigated using phase resetting of ASSR. Here, we propose that ASSR amplitude, phase, and resetting responses are sensitive indices for investigating sensory processing dysfunction in psychiatric disorders.
在包括精神分裂症、双相情感障碍和自闭症谱系障碍在内的几种精神疾病中，感觉加工会受到干扰。在本综述中，我们聚焦于由高频刺激序列驱动的电生理听觉稳态反应（ASSR），将其作为疾病相关感觉加工缺陷的一个指标。在这些患者中，ASSR波幅在γ频段（≥30Hz）内受到抑制，这表明γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）能和N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸（NMDA）受体介导的神经传递之间存在失衡。精神分裂症患者中40Hz ASSR的功率降低和同步性降低很明显。近年来，双相情感障碍和自闭症谱系障碍患者也有类似的γ频段ASSR缺陷的报道。我们总结了这些精神疾病中每一种的ASSR异常情况，并表明观察到的共性反映了共同的病理生理机制。我们回顾了关于相位重置的研究，其中一个显著的感觉刺激会影响ASSR。相位重置会导致ASSR的波幅和相位都降低。此外，相位重置也会受到罕见的听觉刺激模式或其他模态的叠加刺激的影响。因此，可以使用ASSR的相位重置来研究感觉记忆和多感觉整合。在此，我们提出ASSR波幅、相位和重置反应是研究精神疾病中感觉加工功能障碍的敏感指标。
