Ohlwein Simone, Hennig Frauke, Lucht Sarah, Matthiessen Clara, Pundt Noreen, Moebus Susanne, Jöckel Karl-Heinz, Hoffmann Barbara
Institute for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Centre of Urban Epidemiology, Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.
Environ Epidemiol. 2019 Feb 12;3(1):e037. doi: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000037. eCollection 2019 Feb.
Road traffic noise affects a large number of people in urbanized areas. Recent epidemiological evidence indicates that environmental noise exposure may not only be associated with cardiovascular but also with cardio-metabolic outcomes. This prospective cohort study investigated the effect of outdoor and indoor residential road traffic noise on incident type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
We used data from 3,396 participants of age 45-75 years of the Heinz Nixdorf Recall study being non-diabetic at baseline (2000-2003). T2DM was defined via blood glucose level, incident intake of an anti-diabetic drug during follow-up or self-reported physician diagnosis at follow-up examination (2005-2008). Weighted 24-h (L) and night-time (L) mean road traffic noise was assessed according to the European Union directive 2002/49/EC. Road traffic noise exposure indoors was modeled taking into account the participants' room orientation, ventilation behavior and window insulation (n = 2,697). We applied Poisson regression analyses to estimate relative risks (RRs) of incident T2DM, adjusting for demographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and air pollution exposure (NO or PM).
A 10-dB(A) increase in outdoor road traffic noise (L) was associated with an RR of 1.09 (95% confidence interval, 0.96-1.24) for T2DM in the fully adjusted model. Models including PM or NO yielded RRs of 1.09 (0.96-1.24) and 1.11 (0.97-1.27), respectively. In analyses with road traffic noise (L) exposure indoors, we observed similar RRs with smaller confidence intervals (1.11 [1.01-1.21]).
Our analyses suggest that long-term exposure to indoor and outdoor road traffic noise may increase the risk of developing T2DM, independent of air pollution exposure.
道路交通噪音影响着城市化地区的大量人群。最近的流行病学证据表明，环境噪音暴露不仅可能与心血管疾病有关，还与心脏代谢结果有关。这项前瞻性队列研究调查了室外和室内住宅道路交通噪音对2型糖尿病（T2DM）发病的影响。
我们使用了海因茨·尼克斯多夫召回研究中3396名年龄在45 - 75岁之间的参与者的数据，这些参与者在基线时（2000 - 2003年）无糖尿病。T2DM通过血糖水平、随访期间抗糖尿病药物的首次摄入或随访检查（2005 - 2008年）时自我报告的医生诊断来定义。根据欧盟指令2002/49/EC评估加权24小时（L）和夜间（L）道路交通噪音均值。考虑参与者的房间朝向、通风行为和窗户隔热情况，对室内道路交通噪音暴露进行建模（n = 2697）。我们应用泊松回归分析来估计T2DM发病的相对风险（RRs），并对人口统计学特征、生活方式因素和空气污染暴露（NO或PM）进行调整。
在完全调整模型中，室外道路交通噪音（L）增加10分贝（A）与T2DM的RR为1.09（95%置信区间，0.96 - 1.24）相关。包含PM或NO的模型分别得出RR为1.09（0.96 - 1.24）和1.11（0.97 - 1.27）。在室内道路交通噪音（L）暴露分析中，我们观察到类似的RR，但置信区间较小（1.11 [1.01 - 1.21]）。
我们的分析表明，长期暴露于室内和室外道路交通噪音可能会增加患T2DM的风险，且与空气污染暴露无关。
