Tøstesen Gustav, Langseth Tommy
Department of Sport, Food and Natural Sciences, Faculty of Humanities, Sports and Educational Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Sogndal, Norway.
Department of Sports, Physical Education and Outdoor Studies, Faculty of Humanities, Sports and Educational Sciences, University College of Southeast Norway, Telemark, Norway.
Front Sports Act Living. 2021 Mar 11;3:650564. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2021.650564. eCollection 2021.
Freeride skiing is an activity that is, or at least can be, quite dangerous. Risk-taking in high-risk sports has usually been understood within a psychological framework. Building on Pierre Bourdieu's sociology, this article highlights the social dimension of risk-taking in freeride skiing by scrutinizing values within a freeride culture. A central question in this article is: what kind of actions are given recognition and credibility in freeride skiing? The findings show that there is a clear link between risk-taking and credibility and that risk-taking might be seen as a form of capital. However, risk-taking's link to recognition is not straightforward-it is limited by the skiers' skill level. To further develop our understanding of the social dimension of risk-taking we use Michelle Lamont's theory of symbolic boundaries. By expanding the Bourdieusian understanding of social practice with Lamont's work, we gain insight into how risk-taking is socially regulated by social conventions within a subculture. This means that we in this article describe three social dimensions of risk-taking: (1) The link between risk-taking and recognition, (2) The limits of the risk-recognition nexus, and (3) The moral boundaries of risk-taking.
自由式滑雪是一项具有危险性的活动，或者至少可能相当危险。在高风险运动中冒险通常是在心理学框架内被理解的。本文以皮埃尔·布迪厄的社会学为基础，通过审视自由式滑雪文化中的价值观，突出了自由式滑雪中冒险的社会维度。本文的一个核心问题是：在自由式滑雪中，什么样的行为会得到认可和信任？研究结果表明，冒险与信任之间存在明显联系，冒险可能被视为一种资本形式。然而，冒险与认可之间的联系并非直接——它受到滑雪者技能水平的限制。为了进一步加深我们对冒险社会维度的理解，我们运用了米歇尔·拉蒙特的象征边界理论。通过用拉蒙特的研究扩展布迪厄对社会实践的理解，我们深入了解了冒险是如何在亚文化中被社会习俗进行社会规范的。这意味着我们在本文中描述了冒险的三个社会维度：（1）冒险与认可之间的联系，（2）冒险与认可关系的局限，以及（3）冒险的道德边界。
