Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Department of Dermatology and Dermatologic Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2021 Jun;34:102266. doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102266. Epub 2021 Mar 27.
Cutaneous melanoma is one of the most common malignancies with increased incidence in the past few decades, making it a significant public health problem. The early diagnosis of melanoma is a major factor in improving patient's survival. The traditional pathway to melanoma diagnosis starts with a visual diagnosis, followed by subsequent biopsy and histopathologic evaluation. Recently, multiple innovative optical technology-based methods, including dermoscopy, reflectance confocal microscopy, optical coherence tomography, multiphoton excited fluorescence imaging and stepwise two-photon excited fluorescence (dermatofluoroscopy), have been developed to increase the diagnostic accuracy for the non-invasive melanoma diagnosis. Some of them have already been applied to real-life clinical settings, others require more research and development. These technologies show promise in facilitating the diagnosis of melanoma since they are non-invasive, sensitive, objective and easy to apply. Diagnostic accuracy, detection time, portability and the cost-effectiveness of the device are all aspects that need to be improved. This article reviews the method of these emerging optical non-invasive diagnostic technologies, their clinical application, their benefits and limitations, as well as their possible future development.
皮肤黑色素瘤是最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，在过去几十年中发病率不断增加，成为一个重大的公共卫生问题。早期诊断黑色素瘤是提高患者生存率的一个主要因素。传统的黑色素瘤诊断途径始于视觉诊断，然后进行后续的活检和组织病理学评估。最近，多种创新的基于光学技术的方法，包括皮肤镜检查、反射共聚焦显微镜、光相干断层扫描、多光子激发荧光成像和逐步双光子激发荧光（皮肤荧光镜检查），已经被开发出来，以提高非侵入性黑色素瘤诊断的准确性。其中一些已经应用于实际的临床环境中，而其他的则需要更多的研究和开发。这些技术在促进黑色素瘤的诊断方面具有很大的潜力，因为它们是非侵入性的、敏感的、客观的和易于应用的。诊断准确性、检测时间、便携性和设备的成本效益都是需要改进的方面。本文综述了这些新兴的光学非侵入性诊断技术的方法、它们的临床应用、它们的优点和局限性，以及它们未来可能的发展方向。
