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进化全景:通过多感官生命之树,让视障人士理解基本进化概念。

evALLution: making basic evolution concepts accessible to people with visual impairment through a multisensory tree of life.

作者信息

Laurentino Telma G, Xavier Marisa, Ronco Fabrizia, Pina-Martins Francisco, Domingues Iolanda, Penha Bruno, Dias Marta, de Sousa Alexandra, Carrilho Tiago, Rodrigues Leonor R, Pinheiro Carlota, Rato Daniela, Balata Duarte, Ayala-Botto Gonçalo, Matos Margarida, Campelo Maria, Botelho Rafael

机构信息

Zoology, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

Department of Environmental Science, Policy, and Management, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA.

出版信息

Evolution (N Y). 2021;14(1):5. doi: 10.1186/s12052-021-00143-1. Epub 2021 Mar 11.

Abstract

BACKGROUND

People with visual impairment have benefitted from recent developments of assistive technology that aim to decrease socio-economic inequality. However, access to post-secondary education is still extremelly challenging, especially for scientific areas. The under representation of people with visual impairment in the evolution research community is connected with the vision-based communication of evolutionary biology knowledge and the accompanying lack of multisensory alternatives for learning.

RESULTS

Here, we describe the development of an inclusive outreach activity based on a multisensory phylogeny representing 20 taxonomic groups. We provide a tool kit of materials and ideas that allow both the replication of this activity and the adaptation of others, to include people with visual impairment. Furthermore, we provide activity evaluation data, a discussion of the lessons learned and an inclusive description of all figures and visual data presented.The presented baseline data show that people with visual impairment indeed have lack of access to education but are interested in and apt to understand evolutionary biology concepts and predict evolutionary change when education is inclusive.

CONCLUSIONS

We show that, with creative investment, basic evolutionary knowledge is perfectly possible to be transmitted through multisensory activities, which everyone can benefit from. Ultimately, we hope this case study will provide a baseline for future initiatives and a more inclusive outreach community.

摘要

背景

视力障碍者受益于旨在减少社会经济不平等的辅助技术的最新发展。然而,接受高等教育仍然极具挑战性,尤其是在科学领域。视力障碍者在进化研究社区中的代表性不足,这与进化生物学知识基于视觉的传播方式以及随之而来的缺乏多感官学习替代方案有关。

结果

在此,我们描述了一项基于代表20个分类群的多感官系统发育的包容性外展活动的开展情况。我们提供了一套材料和想法的工具包,既允许复制此活动,也允许对其他活动进行调整,以纳入视力障碍者。此外,我们提供了活动评估数据、对所吸取教训的讨论以及对所有呈现的图表和视觉数据的包容性描述。所呈现的基线数据表明,视力障碍者确实缺乏受教育机会,但当教育具有包容性时,他们对进化生物学概念感兴趣且易于理解,并能够预测进化变化。

结论

我们表明,通过创造性的投入,基本的进化知识完全有可能通过多感官活动进行传播,每个人都能从中受益。最终,我们希望这个案例研究能为未来的倡议提供一个基线,并形成一个更具包容性的外展社区。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/6eac/7952356/9d8c8e0d9054/12052_2021_143_Fig1_HTML.jpg

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